{"id":439,"date":"2026-06-09T10:43:37","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T10:43:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cuetexamsnta.massgraduates.in\/?page_id=439"},"modified":"2026-06-09T10:43:38","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T10:43:38","slug":"booster-test-political-science","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cuetexamsnta.massgraduates.in\/?page_id=439","title":{"rendered":"Booster Test Political Science"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n<title>Booster \u2013 Chapter 1<\/title>\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Playfair+Display:wght@700;900&amp;family=DM+Sans:wght@300;400;500;600;700&amp;display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n<style>\n*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }\n\n:root {\n  --bg:         #F7F3EE;\n  --paper:      #FFFDF9;\n  --border:     #DDD5C8;\n  --ink:        #1C1410;\n  --ink2:       #5A4A3A;\n  --ink3:       #9C8C7C;\n  --header-bg:  #2C1A0E;\n  --accent:     #E8521A;\n  --e-bg:       #2E7D52;\n  --e-hover:    #22633F;\n  --m-bg:       #C98B2B;\n  --m-hover:    #A8721F;\n  --h-bg:       #C0392B;\n  --h-hover:    #9E2D21;\n  --font:       'DM Sans', system-ui, sans-serif;\n  --display:    'Playfair Display', serif;\n}\n\nbody {\n  font-family: var(--font);\n  background: var(--bg);\n  min-height: 100vh;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n  padding: 40px 24px;\n}\n\n.chapter-block {\n  background: var(--paper);\n  border: 1.5px solid var(--border);\n  border-radius: 20px;\n  overflow: hidden;\n  width: 100%;\n  max-width: 1200px;\n  box-shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(44,26,14,0.10);\n  animation: fadeUp 0.4s ease both;\n}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 CHAPTER HEADER \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.chapter-head {\n  background: var(--header-bg);\n  padding: 22px 36px;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: space-between;\n}\n.chapter-head-left {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 16px;\n}\n.ch-badge {\n  background: var(--accent);\n  color: #fff;\n  font-size: 12px;\n  font-weight: 800;\n  letter-spacing: 1.5px;\n  text-transform: uppercase;\n  padding: 5px 14px;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.ch-name {\n  font-family: var(--display);\n  font-size: 24px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  color: #fff;\n  letter-spacing: -0.2px;\n\n  position: absolute;\n  left: 50%;\n  transform: translateX(-50%);\n}\n.ch-legend {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 8px;\n}\n.leg {\n  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700;\n  padding: 5px 16px;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  letter-spacing: 0.5px;\n  text-transform: uppercase;\n}\n.leg-e { background: var(--e-bg);  color: #fff; }\n.leg-m { background: var(--m-bg);  color: #fff; }\n.leg-h { background: var(--h-bg);  color: #fff; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 SUBTOPIC ROWS \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.subtopic-row {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  padding: 0 36px;\n  min-height: 70px;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);\n  transition: background 0.15s;\n}\n.subtopic-row:last-child {\n  border-bottom: none;\n}\n.subtopic-row:nth-child(even) {\n  background: #FAF7F3;\n}\n.subtopic-row:hover {\n  background: #F3EDE5;\n}\n\n.row-num {\n  width: 36px;\n  flex-shrink: 0;\n  font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700;\n  color: var(--ink3);\n  text-align: center;\n}\n.row-divider {\n  width: 1.5px;\n  height: 36px;\n  background: var(--border);\n  margin: 0 24px;\n  flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.row-topic {\n  flex: 1;\n  font-size: 17px; font-weight: 500;\n  color: var(--ink);\n}\n.row-topic.completed {\n  color: #2E7D52;\n  font-weight: 700;\n}\n\n.completed-badge {\n  display: none;\n  background: #2E7D52;\n  color: #fff;\n  padding: 6px 14px;\n  border-radius: 20px;\n  font-size: 12px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  margin-right: 15px;\n}\n\n.subtopic-row.completed .completed-badge {\n  display: inline-flex;\n  align-items: center;\n}\n.row-btns {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 10px;\n  flex-shrink: 0;\n}\n.btn-emh {\n  display: inline-flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n  padding: 10px 30px;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700;\n  letter-spacing: 0.5px;\n  border: none;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  font-family: var(--font);\n  min-width: 72px;\n  transition: background 0.16s, transform 0.14s, box-shadow 0.16s;\n}\n.btn-emh:hover  { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.18); }\n.btn-emh:active { transform: translateY(0); box-shadow: none; }\n\n.btn-e { background: var(--e-bg); color: #fff; }\n.btn-e:hover { background: var(--e-hover); }\n\n.btn-m { background: var(--m-bg); color: #fff; }\n.btn-m:hover { background: var(--m-hover); }\n\n.btn-h { background: var(--h-bg); color: #fff; }\n.btn-h:hover { background: var(--h-hover); }\n\n@keyframes fadeUp {\n  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); }\n  to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 600px) {\n  .chapter-head { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; padding: 18px 20px; }\n  .subtopic-row  { flex-wrap: wrap; padding: 14px 20px; gap: 10px; min-height: unset; }\n  .row-divider   { display: none; }\n  .row-topic     { width: 100%; order: 2; }\n  .row-num       { order: 1; }\n  .row-btns      { order: 3; width: 100%; justify-content: flex-end; }\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 1<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">The End of Bipolarity<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">End of Bipolarity and Soviet Background<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Crisis and Disintegration of USSR<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Causes of Soviet Collapse<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Consequences and Global Impact<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Post-Soviet Transition and India Relations<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 2<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Contemporary Centres of Power<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">European Union (EU)<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">ASEAN<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Rise of China<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">India\u2013China Relations<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Other Asian Powers<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 3<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Contemporary South Asia<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>     \n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">South Asia Overview<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Pakistan &#038; Bangladesh Politics<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Nepal &#038; Sri Lanka<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">India &#038; Regional Conflicts<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Cooperation &#038; External Influence<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 4<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">International Organisations<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Importance of International Organisations<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Evolution and Structure of the UN<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">UN Reforms and Challenges<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">India and International Organisations<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">UN in Contemporary World<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 5<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Security in the Contemporary World <\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n       \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Concept of Security<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Traditional Security (External)<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Traditional Security (Internal &#038; Cooperation)<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Non-Traditional Security<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Cooperative Security &#038; India\u2019s Strategy<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 6<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Environment and Natural Resources<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Environmental Concerns <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Global Commons<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">CBDR and Agreements<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Common Property and India<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Movements and Resource Politics<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 7<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Globalisation<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Concept of Globalisation<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Causes of Globalisation<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Political Consequences<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Economic and Cultural Consequences<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">India and Resistance to Globalisation<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 8<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Challenges of Nation Building<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Independence and Initial Challenges<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Three Challenges of Nation Building<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Integration of Princely States<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Reorganisation of States<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Outcomes and Long-Term Impact<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 9<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Era of one-party dominance <\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Foundations of Indian Democracy<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">First General Elections<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Congress Dominance<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Opposition Parties<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Nature of Congress System<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 10<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Politics of planned development<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Agricultural Applications<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Pest Resistance Technology<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Medical Applications<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Molecular Diagnostics &amp; Transgenic Animals<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Ethical Issues &amp; Biopiracy<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 11<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">India\u2019s external relations<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">International Context and Foundations <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Non-Alignment and Leadership<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">India-China Relations<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">India-Pakistan Relations<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Nuclear Policy and Global Shifts<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 12<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Challenges to and restoration of the congress system<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Ecosystem Structure and Pond Ecology<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Productivity and Decomposition Dynamics<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Energy Flow and Trophic Levels<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Ecological Pyramids and Standing Crop<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Nutrient Cycling and Ecosystem Services<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 13<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">The crisis of democratic order <\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Biodiversity Fundamentals <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Biodiversity Patterns and Richness <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Ecosystem Stability and Function <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Causes of Species Extinction <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Conservation Strategies <\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 14<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Regional aspirations<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Regional Context and National Framework<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Areas of Tension and Early Challenges<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Case Study \u2013 Jammu and Kashmir<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Punjab and North-East Movements<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Assam Movement and National Integration<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-block\">\n\n    <!-- HEADER -->\n    <div class=\"chapter-head\">\n      <div class=\"chapter-head-left\">\n        <span class=\"ch-badge\">Ch 15<\/span>\n        <span class=\"ch-name\">Recent developments in indian politics<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ch-legend\">\n        \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 1 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Context of 1990s<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 2 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Era of Coalitions<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 3 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Rise of Social Groups<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 4 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">Communalism and Secularism<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- SUBTOPIC 5 -->\n    <div class=\"subtopic-row\">\n      <div class=\"row-num\">5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-divider\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-topic\">New Political Consensus<\/div>\n      <div class=\"row-btns\">\n  <span class=\"completed-badge\">\u2713 Completed<\/span>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-e\">E<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-m\">M<\/button>\n        <button class=\"btn-emh btn-h\">H<\/button>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Booster \u2013 Chapter 1 Ch 1 The End of Bipolarity 1 End of Bipolarity and Soviet Background \u2713 Completed E [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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