CUET UG Physics Booster Test 2-Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Induction -

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CUET UG Physics Booster Test 2-Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Induction

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Physics Booster Test 2-Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Induction

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QUESTION 1 OF 20

Regarding the historical discoveries of Oersted and Ampere:
1 They established that electricity and magnetism are inter-related.
2 They found that moving electric charges produce magnetic fields.
3 They demonstrated that changing magnetic fields produce electric currents.

Answer Review

1 Regarding the historical discoveries of Oersted and Ampere:
1 They established that electricity and magnetism are inter-related.
2 They found that moving electric charges produce magnetic fields.
3 They demonstrated that changing magnetic fields produce electric currents.

A 1 only

B 1 and 2

C 2 and 3

D 1, 2 and 3

💡 Short Explanation

�� Oersted discovered magnetic effect of current. �� Ampere explained interaction between currents and magnetic fields. �� Changing magnetic field producing current was shown later by Faraday and Henry.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Oersted observed that a current-carrying conductor deflects a magnetic needle, proving a relationship between electricity and magnetism. → Ampere established that electric currents produce magnetic fields and interact magnetically. → Statement 3 is incorrect because electromagnetic induction was discovered later by Faraday and Henry, not by Oersted and Ampere. → Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are correct while 3 is not.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Ignores statement 2, which is also correct.
�� Option C → Includes statement 3, which was not demonstrated by Oersted and Ampere.
�� Option D → Incorrect because statement 3 belongs to Faraday's work.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Identify which scientist discovered electromagnetic induction and eliminate options containing statement 3.

Final Logic:

�� Oersted and Ampere established the link between electricity and magnetism, but electromagnetic induction was discovered later.

🧠 Memory Trick

Oersted–Ampere = Current → Magnet

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Historical Development of Electromagnetism

2 Match List I (Scientist) with List II (Region of Work in 1830s)

List I (Scientist)	List II (Country)
(1) Michael Faraday	(a) England
(2) Joseph Henry	(b) USA
(3) Hans Christian Oersted	(c) Denmark
(4) André-Marie Ampère	(d) France

A 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d

B 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

C 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c

D 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

💡 Short Explanation

Faraday was an English scientist. Henry was an American scientist. Oersted was a Danish physicist. Ampère was a French physicist and mathematician.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Michael Faraday carried out his electromagnetic induction experiments in England. → Joseph Henry independently discovered electromagnetic induction in the USA. → Hans Christian Oersted discovered the magnetic effect of electric current in Denmark. → André-Marie Ampère developed the mathematical theory of electromagnetism in France. Therefore: 1 → a 2 → b 3 → c 4 → d Hence, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A: Interchanges the countries of Faraday and Henry.
Option C: Interchanges the countries of Oersted and Ampère.
Option D: Contains both of the above mismatches.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Historical Matching / Direct Recall

Application:

Recall the nationality of each scientist associated with the development of electromagnetism.

Final Logic:

Faraday → England
Henry → USA
Oersted → Denmark
Ampère → France

🧠 Memory Trick

"F-H-O-A → England-USA-Denmark-France"

📚 Topic: Historical Development of Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction.

3 Incorrect statement about electromagnetic induction

A It generates electric current by varying magnetic fields.

B It is merely of theoretical or academic interest with no practical utility.

C It led to the development of modern day generators.

D It was conclusively demonstrated by Faraday and Henry.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Electromagnetic induction has vast practical applications. �� Generators operate on this principle. �� Faraday and Henry demonstrated the phenomenon.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Electromagnetic induction is one of the most useful discoveries in physics. → Electric generators, transformers and power production systems are based on it. → Statements A, C and D are correct. → Statement B is incorrect because electromagnetic induction is fundamental to modern electrical technology.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Correct definition of electromagnetic induction.
�� Option C → Modern generators are based on electromagnetic induction.
�� Option D → Historically correct.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Identify the statement that contradicts known applications of induction.

Final Logic:

�� A phenomenon powering generators cannot be merely academic.

🧠 Memory Trick

Induction = Generator Principle

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Importance and Applications

4 Induced electric currents in a coil:
1 Deflection is larger when the magnet is pushed faster.
2 Reversing the magnet's poles reverses the deflection direction.
3 Current lasts permanently even after the magnet stops.

A 1, 2

B 1, 3

C 2, 3

D 1, 2, 3

💡 Short Explanation

�� Faster motion causes larger flux change. �� Pole reversal changes current direction. �� Current exists only during flux change.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Induced current depends on the rate of change of magnetic flux. → Faster movement increases flux change rate and therefore increases galvanometer deflection. → Reversing magnet poles reverses flux change direction and induced current direction. → When the magnet stops, flux becomes constant and current ceases.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Includes incorrect statement 3.
�� Option C → Includes incorrect statement 3.
�� Option D → Statement 3 is false.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Check whether flux continues changing after motion stops.

Final Logic:

�� No flux change means no induced current.

🧠 Memory Trick

Change Flux → Current Flows

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Faraday's Experiments

5 If a square loop of side 10 cm is placed vertically in the east-west plane, and a uniform magnetic field of 0.10 T is set up across the plane in the north-east direction, what is the initial magnetic flux? (cos 45° ≈ 0.707)

A 1.0 × 10⁻³ Wb

B 0.707 × 10⁻³ Wb

C 0.707 × 10⁻² Wb

D 1.0 × 10⁻² Wb

💡 Short Explanation

�� Area = (0.1)² = 0.01 m² �� Flux = BA cosθ �� θ = 45°

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Area of square loop: A = (0.1)² = 0.01 m² → Magnetic flux: Φ = BA cos45° = 0.10 × 0.01 × 0.707 = 0.707 × 10⁻³ Wb → Hence option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Assumes cosθ = 1.
�� Option C → Ten times larger than actual value.
�� Option D → Ignores area and angular dependence.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Substitution

Application:

�� Directly substitute numerical values into Φ = BA cosθ.

Final Logic:

�� Numerical evaluation gives 0.707 × 10⁻³ Wb.

🧠 Memory Trick

Flux = BACos

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Magnetic Flux

6 Nature of magnetic flux and magnetic field respectively:

A Scalar, Vector

B Scalar, Scalar

C Vector, Scalar

D Vector, Vector

💡 Short Explanation

�� Flux is a scalar quantity. �� Magnetic field has magnitude and direction. �� Flux arises from a dot product.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Magnetic flux is defined as Φ = B·A. → Dot product produces a scalar quantity. → Magnetic field B possesses both magnitude and direction, making it a vector. → Therefore flux is scalar while magnetic field is vector.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Magnetic field is not scalar.
�� Option C → Flux is not vector.
�� Option D → Flux remains scalar.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Conceptual Recall

Application:

�� Recall properties of dot product.

Final Logic:

�� Dot product ⇒ scalar flux.

🧠 Memory Trick

Dot Product = Scalar Output

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Magnetic Flux

7 In the flux equation Φ_B = B · A, if the plane of the coil is parallel to the magnetic field, the flux through the coil is

A BA

B zero

C BA/2

D infinite

💡 Short Explanation

�� Area vector is perpendicular to plane. �� B becomes perpendicular to area vector. �� cos90° = 0.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Magnetic flux is Φ = BA cosθ, where θ is the angle between B and area vector. → If the plane is parallel to B, then the area vector is perpendicular to B. → Therefore θ = 90°. → Φ = BA cos90° = 0.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Applies when θ = 0°.
�� Option C → No basis in flux formula.
�� Option D → Flux cannot become infinite.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application:

�� Relate plane orientation to area vector orientation.

Final Logic:

�� Plane parallel to field ⇒ area vector perpendicular ⇒ zero flux.

🧠 Memory Trick

Parallel Plane = Zero Flux

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Flux Through a Plane Surface

8 The SI unit weber (Wb) can also be dimensionally equivalent to

A tesla meter

B tesla meter squared

C tesla per meter

D tesla per meter squared

💡 Short Explanation

�� Φ = BA �� Unit of B = tesla. �� Unit of area = m².

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Magnetic flux: Φ = BA → Unit: Wb = T × m² → Therefore one weber is dimensionally equivalent to tesla meter squared.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Missing one meter factor.
�� Option C → Incorrect dimensions.
�� Option D → Incorrect dimensions.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Dimensional/Unit Analysis

Application:

�� Derive unit directly from flux formula.

Final Logic:

�� Wb = Tm².

🧠 Memory Trick

Weber = Tesla × Area

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Unit of Magnetic Flux

9 Correct statements about the area vector:
(1) It has a magnitude equal to the surface area.
(2) Its direction is parallel to the surface.
(3) Its direction is conceptually managed as a vector to define orientation.

A (1), (2)

B (1), (3)

C (2), (3)

D (1), (2), (3)

💡 Short Explanation

�� Magnitude equals area. �� Direction is normal to surface. �� Used to define orientation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Area vector magnitude equals the area of the surface. → Its direction is perpendicular (normal) to the surface, not parallel. → The vector representation helps define orientation of the surface in space. → Thus statements (1) and (3) are correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Statement (2) is incorrect.
�� Option C → Statement (2) is incorrect.
�� Option D → Includes false statement (2).

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Recall standard definition of area vector.

Final Logic:

�� Area vector is normal to the surface.

🧠 Memory Trick

Area Vector = Area Normal

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Area Vector

10 A circular coil of radius 10 cm is placed with its plane perpendicular to a magnetic field of 3.0 × 10⁻⁵ T. It is rotated by 180°. The change in magnitude of angle theta alters the flux. What is the initial flux? (π ≈ 3.14)

A 3π × 10⁻⁷ Wb

B 6π × 10⁻⁷ Wb

C 1.5π × 10⁻⁷ Wb

D 0 Wb

💡 Short Explanation

�� Area = πr² �� r = 0.1 m �� Plane ⟂ field ⇒ maximum flux

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Area of coil: A = π(0.1)² = 0.01π m² → Since plane is perpendicular to magnetic field, area vector is parallel to B. → θ = 0° → Φ = BA = (3 × 10⁻⁵)(0.01π) = 3π × 10⁻⁷ Wb → Therefore option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Double the correct value.
�� Option C → Half the correct value.
�� Option D → Flux is maximum, not zero.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Substitution

Application:

�� Compute area and substitute into Φ = BA cosθ.

Final Logic:

�� θ = 0° gives maximum flux = 3π × 10⁻⁷ Wb.

🧠 Memory Trick

Plane ⟂ B ⇒ Maximum Flux

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Magnetic Flux Through a Circular Coil

11 Incorrect statement about a constant magnetic field through a plane:

A The flux does not change if the coil remains stationary and unchanged.

B The earth's steady magnetic field induces a constant emf in a stationary loop.

C The magnetic flux is given by BA cos θ.

D It cannot produce an induced current unless the coil moves, rotates, or changes shape.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Induced emf requires changing magnetic flux. �� A constant magnetic field gives constant flux in a stationary loop. �� Constant flux produces no emf.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to Faraday's law, induced emf exists only when magnetic flux changes with time. → A stationary loop in Earth's steady magnetic field experiences constant flux. → Since dΦ/dt = 0, induced emf is zero. → Statements A, C and D correctly describe magnetic flux and induction. → Therefore statement B is incorrect.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Correct; unchanged flux means no induction.
�� Option C → Standard magnetic flux formula.
�� Option D → Flux must change through motion, rotation, deformation, or field variation.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Check which statement violates Faraday's law.

Final Logic:

�� Constant magnetic field + stationary loop ⇒ no flux change ⇒ no emf.

🧠 Memory Trick

No Change = No Induction

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Conditions for Electromagnetic Induction

12 For a plane surface of area A placed in a uniform magnetic field B, the maximum flux occurs when the angle θ between B and A is

A 90°

B 180°

C 0°

D 45°

💡 Short Explanation

�� Flux = BA cos θ. �� Maximum value of cos θ is 1. �� cos 0° = 1.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Magnetic flux through a surface is given by: Φ = BA cos θ where θ is the angle between magnetic field B and area vector A. → Maximum flux occurs when cos θ is maximum. → cos 0° = 1, which gives: Φmax = BA → Therefore θ = 0° gives maximum magnetic flux.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → cos 90° = 0, giving zero flux.
�� Option B → Gives maximum negative flux, not maximum positive flux.
�� Option D → Produces only BA/√2.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Substitution

Application:

�� Compare values of cos θ for given angles.

Final Logic:

�� Maximum flux corresponds to maximum cosine value.

🧠 Memory Trick

Maximum Flux ⇒ B ∥ Area Vector

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Magnetic Flux

13 When evaluating flux over a non-uniform field, the total surface is divided into small area elements dAᵢ so that

A the field can be assumed uniform over each individual element

B the scalar nature of flux becomes a vector

C the magnetic field is zero at the boundaries

D the area elements overlap to increase total flux

💡 Short Explanation

�� Non-uniform fields vary from point to point. �� Small elements simplify calculations. �� Integration adds contributions from all elements.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

In a non-uniform magnetic field, B changes across the surface. → The surface is divided into infinitesimal area elements dAᵢ. → Over each tiny element, the field can be treated as approximately constant. → Flux through each element is calculated and summed using integration. → Hence option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Flux remains scalar.
�� Option C → Field need not be zero at boundaries.
�� Option D → Area elements never overlap.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Conceptual Recall

Application:

�� Recall the purpose of infinitesimal area elements in integration.

Final Logic:

�� Small elements allow local uniformity assumptions.

🧠 Memory Trick

Tiny Area → Easy Integration

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Flux in Non-uniform Magnetic Fields

14 When the magnetic field magnitude is variable over a surface:
(1) Equation ΦB = BA cos θ can be directly applied without integration.
(2) The magnetic field Bᵢ must be defined at each i-th area element.
(3) The total flux is the scalar sum of fluxes through all area elements.
Choose correct:

A (1) and (2)

B (2) and (3)

C (1) and (3)

D (3) only

💡 Short Explanation

�� Variable fields require integration. �� Each area element has its own Bᵢ. �� Flux contributions are summed.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

For a variable magnetic field, the simple formula Φ = BA cosθ is not generally applicable. → The field value must be specified for each infinitesimal area element. → Total flux is obtained by summing all elemental flux contributions. → Therefore statements (2) and (3) are correct while statement (1) is incorrect.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Statement (1) is false.
�� Option C → Statement (1) is false.
�� Option D → Ignores statement (2), which is necessary.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Identify whether integration is required in a non-uniform field.

Final Logic:

�� Variable B requires elemental treatment and summation.

🧠 Memory Trick

Variable B ⇒ Integrate

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Magnetic Flux in Non-uniform Fields

15 Flux through curved surfaces:
(1) Requires extending the basic plane surface equation.
(2) Requires treating the surface as a collection of infinitesimal area vectors.
(3) Results in a vector quantity overall.

A (1), (2)

B (1), (3)

C (2), (3)

D (1), (2), (3)

💡 Short Explanation

�� Curved surfaces are divided into small elements. �� Each element has its own area vector. �� Flux remains scalar.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

For curved surfaces, different parts have different orientations. → The surface is divided into infinitesimal area vectors dA. → Flux is obtained by integrating B·dA over the entire surface. → Magnetic flux remains a scalar quantity. → Hence statements (1) and (2) are correct while (3) is incorrect.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Includes incorrect statement 3.
�� Option C → Includes incorrect statement 3.
�� Option D → Flux is not a vector.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Recall that dot product always yields a scalar.

Final Logic:

�� Curved surface treatment changes calculation method, not nature of flux.

🧠 Memory Trick

Curved Surface → Tiny Vectors

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Flux Through Curved Surfaces

16 In the equation ΦB = Σ Bᵢ · dAᵢ, the dot product ensures that

A only the component of the area vector perpendicular to the field is considered

B only the component of the magnetic field perpendicular to the surface element contributes to the flux

C the resulting flux is a vector

D the area elements are summed algebraically without direction

💡 Short Explanation

�� Dot product selects parallel components. �� Area vector is normal to the surface. �� Normal component of B contributes.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Flux through an area element is: dΦ = B·dA = B dA cosθ → Since dA is normal to the surface, only the component of B along dA contributes. → This is equivalent to considering the component of magnetic field perpendicular to the surface. → Hence option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Area vector itself is fixed by geometry.
�� Option C → Dot product produces a scalar.
�� Option D → Directional information is included through the dot product.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Conceptual Recall

Application:

�� Recall physical meaning of vector dot product.

Final Logic:

�� Only normal component of B contributes to flux.

🧠 Memory Trick

Flux Uses B⊥ Surface

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Mathematical Expression of Magnetic Flux

17 In Faraday's experiments, what happens to current when the key in a neighboring coil is held pressed continuously, and when it is released, respectively?

A No current, Momentary current

B Momentary current, No current

C Steady current, Momentary current

D No current, No current

💡 Short Explanation

�� Constant current produces constant flux. �� No flux change means no induced current. �� Releasing the key changes current suddenly.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

When the key is continuously pressed, current becomes steady. → Steady current creates a constant magnetic field and constant flux. → Therefore induced current disappears after the initial transient. → When the key is released, current falls abruptly, changing magnetic flux. → This produces a momentary induced current.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Reverses the observations.
�� Option C → No steady induced current exists.
�� Option D → Release of key definitely changes flux.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application:

�� Identify situations where magnetic flux changes.

Final Logic:

�� Only changing current produces induction.

🧠 Memory Trick

Change Current → Change Flux

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Faraday's Coil Experiment

18 Correct statements regarding the time rate of change of flux:
1 It induces an emf in the circuit.
2 The magnitude of induced emf is equal to it.
3 A higher rate of change yields a smaller emf.

A 1, 2

B 2, 3

C 1, 3

D 1, 2, 3

💡 Short Explanation

�� Faraday's law relates emf to dΦ/dt. �� Larger flux change rate gives larger emf. �� Statement 3 is false.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Faraday's law states: |ε| = |dΦ/dt| → Therefore a changing magnetic flux induces emf. → The magnitude of induced emf equals the rate of change of flux. → Increasing the rate of flux change increases emf. → Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Statement 3 is incorrect.
�� Option C → Statement 2 is correct and cannot be omitted.
�� Option D → Includes false statement 3.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Use Faraday's law directly.

Final Logic:

�� Greater dΦ/dt gives greater emf.

🧠 Memory Trick

Fast Flux Change = Big EMF

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Faraday's Law

19 Incorrect statement regarding relative motion in induction:

A Moving a magnet towards a stationary coil induces current.

B Moving a coil towards a stationary magnet induces current.

C Moving both a magnet and a coil in the same direction at the same speed induces current.

D Relative motion between two current-carrying coils can induce current.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Induction depends on relative motion. �� Equal-speed motion gives no relative motion. �� No flux change means no induction.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Induced current arises when magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes. → If a magnet and coil move together with the same speed and direction, their relative positions remain unchanged. → Consequently, magnetic flux remains constant. → Therefore, no induced current is produced. → Hence statement C is incorrect.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Relative motion changes flux.
�� Option B → Relative motion changes flux.
�� Option D → Changing mutual flux between coils can induce current.

🎯 Strategy

Used

�� Elimination

Application:

�� Check whether relative motion exists.

Final Logic:

�� No relative motion ⇒ No flux change ⇒ No induction.

🧠 Memory Trick

Relative Motion Matters

📚 Class XII – Physics Part I – Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction – Topic: Relative Motion and Induction

20 Match List I (Action) with List II (Observation in Galvanometer)

List I (Action)	List II (Observation in Galvanometer)
(1) Magnet pushed towards coil	(a) Momentary deflection
(2) Magnet held stationary inside coil	(b) Zero deflection
(3) Magnet pulled away from coil	(c) Momentary deflection in opposite direction
(4) Coil moved towards stationary magnet	(d) Momentary deflection

A 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

B 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d

C 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d

D 1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-c

💡 Short Explanation

A changing magnetic flux induces current in the coil. Relative motion between the magnet and coil changes the magnetic flux. Constant magnetic flux produces no induced current. Hence, motion causes galvanometer deflection, while no motion causes zero deflection.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

When a magnet is pushed towards the coil, the magnetic flux linked with the coil increases. → This produces an induced current and hence a momentary deflection in the galvanometer. → When the magnet is held stationary inside the coil, the magnetic flux remains constant. → Therefore, no induced current is produced and the galvanometer shows zero deflection. → When the magnet is pulled away from the coil, the magnetic flux decreases. → This produces an induced current in the opposite direction, causing a momentary deflection in the opposite direction. → When the coil is moved towards a stationary magnet, the magnetic flux changes due to relative motion. → Hence, a momentary deflection is observed. Therefore: 1 → a 2 → b 3 → c 4 → d Hence, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B: Incorrectly assigns zero deflection to a moving magnet and deflection to a stationary magnet.
Option C: Incorrectly assigns opposite-direction deflection to a stationary magnet and zero deflection to a moving magnet.
Option D: Incorrectly matches the observations for the moving magnet and pulled-away magnet cases.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Matching / Elimination

Application:

Check whether the magnetic flux linked with the coil changes.
If flux changes → induced current → galvanometer deflection.
If flux remains constant → no induced current → zero deflection.

Final Logic:

Relative motion causes induction.
No relative motion causes no induction.

🧠 Memory Trick

"No Flux Change → No Current Change"

📚 Topic: Experimental Observation of Induced Current and Conditions for Electromagnetic Induction.

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