CUET UG Categorised PYQ Geography Unit 7 -

📚

CUET UG Categorised PYQ Geography Unit 7

Geography

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 66 Questions

📅 2022, 2023 , 2024&2025

✍️ Long Answers

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Categorised PYQ Geography Unit 7

1 / 66

QUESTION 1 OF 66

Since which year radio broadcasting started in India for the first time? (PYQ 2022)

Answer Review

1 Since which year radio broadcasting started in India for the first time? (PYQ 2022)

A 1920

B 1923

C 1916

D 1925

💡 Short Explanation

Radio broadcasting in India began in 1923. It was started by the Radio Club of Bombay. It later developed into organised broadcasting services. All India Radio emerged later as a major national broadcaster.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Radio broadcasting in India started in 1923 with the Radio Club of Bombay. → This marked the beginning of radio communication and broadcasting in India. → Later, broadcasting became more organised and expanded across the country. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) 1920 → Radio broadcasting in India did not start in this year.
C) 1916 → This is too early for the beginning of radio broadcasting in India.
D) 1925 → Broadcasting had already started before 1925.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it is not the correct starting year.
Option B → Correct because radio broadcasting began in 1923.
Option C → Incorrect because it is too early.
Option D → Incorrect because it is later than the actual start.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

2 Which of the following is the longest highway in India? (PYQ 2022)

A NH-1

B NH-2

C NH-8

D NH-7

💡 Short Explanation

As per old highway numbering, NH-7 was the longest highway. It connected Varanasi with Kanyakumari. It passed through several Indian states. Under new numbering, it forms part of NH-44.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → According to the earlier national highway numbering system, NH-7 was the longest highway in India. → It ran from Varanasi in the north to Kanyakumari in the south. → It was an important north-south transport corridor. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) NH-1 → NH-1 was important but not the longest highway.
B) NH-2 → NH-2 was part of the Grand Trunk Road system but shorter than NH-7.
C) NH-8 → NH-8 was a major route connecting Delhi and Mumbai, but not the longest.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because NH-1 is shorter.
Option B → Incorrect because NH-2 is not the longest.
Option C → Incorrect because NH-8 is not the longest.
Option D → Correct because old NH-7 was the longest.

Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

3 Name the telecommunication service, which is not considered as "Mass Media". (PYQ 2022)

A Mobile phone

B Radio

C T.V

D Newspaper

💡 Short Explanation

Mass media reaches a large audience at the same time. Radio, television and newspapers are mass media. Mobile phone is mainly used for personal communication. Therefore, it is not considered mass media in this context.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Mass media refers to communication channels that reach large numbers of people simultaneously. → Radio, television and newspapers are examples of mass media. → Mobile phone is mainly a personal communication device, especially for one-to-one communication. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Radio → Radio broadcasts information to a large audience and is a mass medium.
C) T.V → Television reaches a large number of viewers and is a mass medium.
D) Newspaper → Newspaper is a print form of mass media.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because mobile phone is mainly personal communication.
Option B → Incorrect because radio is mass media.
Option C → Incorrect because television is mass media.
Option D → Incorrect because newspaper is mass media.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

4 Which one of the following is the length of Panama Canal? (PYQ 2022)

A 160 Km

B 72 Km

C 117 Km

D 195 Km

💡 Short Explanation

Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It is an artificial waterway. Its length is about 72 km as per the given answer key. It reduces travel distance between the two oceans.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Panama Canal is an important international waterway. → It connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean through the Isthmus of Panama. → Its length is given as 72 km in the question. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) 160 Km → This is not the length of the Panama Canal.
C) 117 Km → This is not the standard length given for the Panama Canal.
D) 195 Km → This is an overestimated length for the Panama Canal.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it is too long for Panama Canal.
Option B → Correct because the Panama Canal is 72 km long.
Option C → Incorrect because it does not match the given figure.
Option D → Incorrect because it is too high.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

5 The Big Trunk Route runs through which of the following? (PYQ 2022)

A The North Atlantic Ocean

B The Mediterranean - Indian Ocean

C The South Atlantic Ocean

D The South Pacific Ocean

💡 Short Explanation

The North Atlantic Ocean route is called the Big Trunk Route. It connects North America and Western Europe. It is one of the busiest sea routes in the world. It carries a large volume of international trade.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The North Atlantic Sea Route is known as the Big Trunk Route. → It connects the highly industrialised regions of North America and Europe. → Due to heavy trade between these regions, it is one of the busiest ocean routes. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) The Mediterranean - Indian Ocean → This is an important route via the Suez Canal, but not the Big Trunk Route.
C) The South Atlantic Ocean → This route carries less trade compared to the North Atlantic route.
D) The South Pacific Ocean → This is not known as the Big Trunk Route.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because the North Atlantic route is called the Big Trunk Route.
Option B → Incorrect because it refers to a different route.
Option C → Incorrect because it is not the busiest trunk route.
Option D → Incorrect because it is not called the Big Trunk Route.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

6 The important underground railways, 'Channel Tunnel' joins which two cities of Europe? (PYQ 2022)

A Rome Berlin

B Geneva Amsterdam

C London Paris

D Moscow Stockholm

💡 Short Explanation

Channel Tunnel is also called Eurotunnel. It runs under the English Channel. It connects the United Kingdom with France. It links London and Paris through rail connectivity.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Channel Tunnel is an underground railway tunnel beneath the English Channel. → It connects the United Kingdom with mainland Europe through France. → It enables rail movement between London and Paris. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Rome Berlin → These cities are not connected by the Channel Tunnel.
B) Geneva Amsterdam → These cities are inland and not linked by this tunnel.
D) Moscow Stockholm → These cities are not connected by the Channel Tunnel.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it is not related to the English Channel.
Option B → Incorrect because it does not involve the UK-France link.
Option C → Correct because the tunnel links London and Paris.
Option D → Incorrect because it is geographically unrelated.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

7 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2022)

List-I (Ports)	List-II (Functions)
A. Entrepot ports	I. Tanker port
B. Naval ports	II. Collection Centres
C. Packet station	III. Warships
D. Oil ports	IV. Ferry ports

A A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

B A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

C A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

D A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

💡 Short Explanation

Entrepot ports act as collection centres. Naval ports serve warships. Packet stations are ferry ports. Oil ports are tanker ports.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Entrepot ports collect goods for re-export, so they match with Collection Centres. → Naval ports are meant for naval ships and warships. → Packet stations function as ferry ports for passengers and mail. → Oil ports handle oil tankers and petroleum trade. → Therefore, the correct matching is A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III → Incorrect because entrepot ports are wrongly matched with tanker ports.
B) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II → Incorrect because entrepot ports and naval ports are wrongly matched.
D) A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II → Incorrect because entrepot ports, naval ports and packet stations are mismatched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Entrepot ports → Collection Centres.
Naval ports → Warships.
Packet station → Ferry ports.
Oil ports → Tanker port.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

8 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2022)

List-I (Railway Zone)	List-II (Headquarters)
A. Northern	I. Chennai
B. Eastern	II. Mumbai
C. Western	III. Kolkata
D. Southern	IV. New Delhi

A A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II

B A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

C A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

D A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

💡 Short Explanation

Northern Railway headquarters is New Delhi. Eastern Railway headquarters is Kolkata. Western Railway headquarters is Mumbai. Southern Railway headquarters is Chennai.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Northern Railway is headquartered in New Delhi. → Eastern Railway is headquartered in Kolkata. → Western Railway is headquartered in Mumbai. → Southern Railway is headquartered in Chennai. → Therefore, the correct matching is A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II → Incorrect because Northern and Southern Railway headquarters are mismatched.
B) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III → Incorrect because all major railway zones are mismatched.
D) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV → Incorrect because Northern, Eastern, Western and Southern zones are wrongly matched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Northern → New Delhi.
Eastern → Kolkata.
Western → Mumbai.
Southern → Chennai.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

9 Read the following statements carefully concerning Indian Railways. (PYQ 2022)
Statements:
(A) Indian Railways is one of the longest in the world.
(B) It is the largest government undertaking in the country.
(C) Indian Railway is divided into 20 zones.
(D) Indian Railway was introduced in 1853.

A A, C and D only

B B, C and D only

C A, B and C only

D A, B and D only

💡 Short Explanation

Indian Railways is one of the largest railway networks in the world. It is a major government undertaking. Railways were introduced in India in 1853. The statement about 20 zones is not correct in this context.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Indian Railways is one of the longest railway networks in the world. → It is one of the largest government undertakings in India. → The first railway line in India began in 1853 between Bombay and Thane. → Statement C is incorrect because 20 zones is not accepted in this NCERT-based question. → Therefore, Statements A, B and D are correct. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A, C and D only → Incorrect because Statement C is wrong and Statement B is omitted.
B) B, C and D only → Incorrect because Statement C is wrong and Statement A is omitted.
C) A, B and C only → Incorrect because Statement C is wrong and Statement D is omitted.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Correct because Indian Railways is one of the longest networks.
Statement B → Correct because it is a major government undertaking.
Statement C → Incorrect because 20 zones is not accepted here.
Statement D → Correct because railways were introduced in India in 1853.
Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

10 Arrange the following incidents in sequential order according to their developments. (PYQ 2022)
Statements:
(A) Air transport was nationalized.
(B) Air transport was provided by four major companies.
(C) Air transport in India was launched between Allahabad and Naini.
(D) Bharat Airways, Himalayan Aviation Ltd. joined the services.

A D, A, C, B

B A, B, C, D

C C, B, D, A

D B, A, C, D

💡 Short Explanation

Air transport began with Allahabad-Naini service. Later, four major companies provided air transport. Other companies like Bharat Airways joined later. Air transport was nationalised in 1953.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Air transport in India began between Allahabad and Naini. → Later, air services were provided by four major companies. → Bharat Airways and Himalayan Aviation Ltd. joined the sector afterwards. → Finally, air transport was nationalised. → Therefore, the correct sequence is C, B, D, A. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) D, A, C, B → Incorrect because it places later developments before the beginning of air transport.
B) A, B, C, D → Incorrect because nationalisation cannot come first.
D) B, A, C, D → Incorrect because nationalisation is placed too early.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement C → Allahabad-Naini launch came first.
Statement B → Four major companies came next.
Statement D → Bharat Airways and Himalayan Aviation joined later.
Statement A → Nationalisation came last.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

11 _________ is usually found on steep mountain slopes. (PYQ 2023)

A Waterway

B Highway

C Ropeway

D Railway

💡 Short Explanation

Steep slopes are difficult for roads and railways. Ropeways are useful in hilly and mountainous areas. They move people and goods over steep slopes. They are commonly used in mountain transport.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Ropeways are suitable for steep mountain slopes because they can move vertically or across rugged terrain. → They are easier to construct than roads or railways in very steep areas. → Ropeways are therefore commonly used in difficult mountainous regions. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Waterway → Waterways are not used on steep mountain slopes.
B) Highway → Highways can exist in mountains, but they are difficult to build on very steep slopes.
D) Railway → Railways require gentle gradients and are difficult on steep slopes.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because waterways require water routes.
Option B → Incorrect because highways are difficult on very steep slopes.
Option C → Correct because ropeways are suitable for steep slopes.
Option D → Incorrect because railways require gentle slopes.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

12 Trans-Canadian railways runs between two terminal stations (PYQ 2023)

A Calgary and Halifax

B Calgary and Sydney

C Vancouver and Halifax

D Vancouver and Quebec

💡 Short Explanation

Trans-Canadian Railway is a transcontinental railway. It connects the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. Vancouver is on the Pacific coast. Halifax is on the Atlantic coast.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Trans-Canadian Railway runs from Vancouver in the west to Halifax in the east. → Vancouver is located on the Pacific coast of Canada. → Halifax is located on the Atlantic coast. → This railway supports coast-to-coast movement of goods and passengers across Canada. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Calgary and Halifax → Calgary is not the western terminal.
B) Calgary and Sydney → Sydney is not the terminal of this railway route.
D) Vancouver and Quebec → Quebec is not the eastern terminal.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because Calgary is not the terminal.
Option B → Incorrect because both terminals are wrong.
Option C → Correct because the terminals are Vancouver and Halifax.
Option D → Incorrect because Quebec is not the terminal.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

13 Which of the following mode of transport has the lowest energy cost? (PYQ 2023)

A Water Transport

B Air Transport

C Rail Transport

D Road Transport

💡 Short Explanation

Water transport is the cheapest transport mode. It has low energy cost. It is suitable for bulky goods. Natural waterways reduce construction cost.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Water transport requires less energy for moving heavy and bulky goods. → It uses natural routes and is more fuel-efficient compared to road, rail and air transport. → Therefore, water transport has the lowest energy cost. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Air Transport → It has the highest energy cost.
C) Rail Transport → It is efficient on land but not cheaper than water transport.
D) Road Transport → It has higher fuel and maintenance cost.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because water transport has the lowest energy cost.
Option B → Incorrect because air transport is very costly.
Option C → Incorrect because rail is efficient but costlier than water transport.
Option D → Incorrect because road transport has higher fuel cost.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

14 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Type of Port)	List-II (Examples)
A. Oil Port	I. Honolulu
B. Ferry Port	II. Kochchi
C. Naval Port	III. Tripoli
D. Port of Call	IV. Dover

A A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

B A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

C A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

D A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

💡 Short Explanation

Tripoli is an oil port. Dover is a ferry port. Kochchi is a naval port. Honolulu is a port of call.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Oil ports handle petroleum trade, and Tripoli is an example. → Ferry ports handle short-distance passenger movement, and Dover is an example. → Kochchi is a naval port. → Honolulu is a port of call. → Therefore, the correct matching is A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV → Incorrect because all major examples are mismatched.
B) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV → Incorrect because oil port and naval port are wrongly matched.
D) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV → Incorrect because ferry port and port of call are wrongly matched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Oil Port → Tripoli.
Ferry Port → Dover.
Naval Port → Kochchi.
Port of Call → Honolulu.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

15 The first serious attempt to develop modern road transport is known as (PYQ 2023)

A Nagpur plan

B Pune plan

C Mumbai plan

D Wardha plan

💡 Short Explanation

Nagpur Plan was prepared in 1943. It was the first major road development plan. It classified roads into different categories. It became a base for modern road planning in India.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Nagpur Plan was the first serious attempt to develop modern road transport in India. → It planned a systematic road network for the country. → It also introduced road classification such as national highways, state highways and district roads. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Pune plan → This is not the recognised first road development plan.
C) Mumbai plan → It is not the first serious attempt in this context.
D) Wardha plan → Wardha Plan is associated with education, not road transport.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because Nagpur Plan was the first road development plan.
Option B → Incorrect because Pune Plan is not accepted here.
Option C → Incorrect because Mumbai Plan is not the correct answer.
Option D → Incorrect because Wardha Plan relates to education.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

16 Atal Tunnel is built in (PYQ 2023)

A Pir Panjal Range

B Zasker Range

C Shiwalik Range

D Dhauladhar Range

💡 Short Explanation

Atal Tunnel is located in Himachal Pradesh. It is built under the Rohtang Pass. Rohtang Pass lies in the Pir Panjal Range. It improves connectivity to Lahaul-Spiti.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Atal Tunnel is built under Rohtang Pass. → Rohtang Pass lies in the Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas. → The tunnel provides all-weather connectivity between Manali and Lahaul-Spiti Valley. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Zasker Range → Atal Tunnel is not located in the Zasker Range.
C) Shiwalik Range → Shiwalik is the outer Himalayan range, not the location of Atal Tunnel.
D) Dhauladhar Range → Atal Tunnel is not located in the Dhauladhar Range.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because Atal Tunnel is in the Pir Panjal Range.
Option B → Incorrect because it is not in Zasker Range.
Option C → Incorrect because Shiwalik is not the tunnel location.
Option D → Incorrect because Dhauladhar is not the correct range.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

17 The largest government undertaking in India is (PYQ 2023)

A National Highway Authority

B Indian Oil Corporation

C Indian Railways

D Oil and Natural Gas Corporation

💡 Short Explanation

Indian Railways is the largest government undertaking. It has a huge network across India. It carries passengers and freight. It is also one of the largest employers.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Indian Railways is the largest government undertaking in India. → It operates one of the largest rail networks in the world. → It plays a major role in passenger and freight transport. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) National Highway Authority → It is important for road development but not the largest government undertaking.
B) Indian Oil Corporation → It is a major public sector company but not the largest undertaking in this context.
D) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation → ONGC is a major PSU but not the largest government undertaking.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because NHAI is not the largest undertaking.
Option B → Incorrect because IOC is not the answer in this context.
Option C → Correct because Indian Railways is the largest government undertaking.
Option D → Incorrect because ONGC is not the largest undertaking here.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

18 Arrange the developments in communication sector in chronological order. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Akashwani
(B) Doordarshan
(C) IRS-IA
(D) Radio Broadcasting

A A, D, B, C

B A, D, C, B

C D, A, B, C

D D, A, C, B

💡 Short Explanation

Radio broadcasting started first. Akashwani came later. Doordarshan developed after radio. IRS-IA was launched later as a satellite development.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Radio broadcasting started first in India. → Akashwani became an important radio service later. → Doordarshan developed after radio as television broadcasting expanded. → IRS-IA came later in the satellite era. → Therefore, the correct sequence is D, A, B, C. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A, D, B, C → Incorrect because Akashwani is placed before radio broadcasting.
B) A, D, C, B → Incorrect because Akashwani and IRS-IA are wrongly placed.
D) D, A, C, B → Incorrect because IRS-IA is placed before Doordarshan.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement D → Radio Broadcasting came first.
Statement A → Akashwani came after radio broadcasting.
Statement B → Doordarshan came after radio.
Statement C → IRS-IA came later in satellite communication.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

19 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Waterways)	List-II (Stretch)
A. NW 1	I. Godavari-Krishna & Canals
B. NW 2	II. Kottapuram - Kollam
C. NW 3	III. Allahabad - Haldia
D. NW 4	IV. Sadiya - Dhubri

A A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

B A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

C A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

D A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

💡 Short Explanation

NW 1 is Allahabad-Haldia stretch. NW 2 is Sadiya-Dhubri stretch. NW 3 is Kottapuram-Kollam stretch. NW 4 includes Godavari-Krishna and canals.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → National Waterway 1 is on the Ganga river system from Allahabad to Haldia. → National Waterway 2 is on the Brahmaputra from Sadiya to Dhubri. → National Waterway 3 is the Kottapuram-Kollam stretch. → National Waterway 4 includes Godavari-Krishna and canals. → Therefore, the correct matching is A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV → Incorrect because all major waterways are wrongly matched.
B) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I → Incorrect because NW 2 and NW 3 are wrongly matched.
C) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III → Incorrect because NW 1 and NW 4 are wrongly matched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

NW 1 → Allahabad-Haldia.
NW 2 → Sadiya-Dhubri.
NW 3 → Kottapuram-Kollam.
NW 4 → Godavari-Krishna & canals.
Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

20 'Arteries of circulation' have been often described as metaphor for the: (PYQ 2023)

A Network of Roads

B Network of Cities

C Network of Rivers

D Network of Computers

💡 Short Explanation

Arteries carry blood in the human body. Roads carry people, goods and services. Roads help in economic movement. Hence, roads are called arteries of circulation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Roads are compared to arteries because they allow continuous movement of goods, people and services. → Just as arteries keep the body active, roads keep the economy and society connected. → Therefore, the network of roads is described as the arteries of circulation. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Network of Cities → Cities are nodes or centres, not circulation routes.
C) Network of Rivers → Rivers are natural waterways, but the metaphor is mainly used for roads.
D) Network of Computers → Computer networks are related to information flow, not road circulation.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because roads carry flow like arteries.
Option B → Incorrect because cities are points, not routes.
Option C → Incorrect because rivers are not the textbook metaphor here.
Option D → Incorrect because it relates to digital networks.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

21 Which highway links Vancouver in British Columbia to St. John's city in Newfoundland? (PYQ 2023)

A The Trans-Canadian Highway

B Alaskan Highway

C The Pan-American Highway

D The Trans-Continental Stuart Highway

💡 Short Explanation

Vancouver and St. John's are located in Canada. The Trans-Canadian Highway connects east and west Canada. It links the Pacific coast with the Atlantic coast. It is one of the longest national highways in the world.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Trans-Canadian Highway connects St. John's in Newfoundland with Vancouver in British Columbia. → It is a major road network across Canada. → It helps connect the eastern and western parts of the country. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Alaskan Highway → It connects parts of Canada with Alaska, not St. John's to Vancouver.
C) The Pan-American Highway → It connects North and South America.
D) The Trans-Continental Stuart Highway → It is located in Australia.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because both places are in Canada and linked by the Trans-Canadian Highway.
Option B → Incorrect because it relates to Alaska.
Option C → Incorrect because it covers the Americas, not only Canada.
Option D → Incorrect because it is in Australia.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

22 Which of the following pipelines is used to carry petroleum from Gulf of Mexico to the North-Eastern states of U.S.A.? (PYQ 2023)

A Mexico pipeline

B Big inch pipeline

C North-Eastern states pipeline

D Chicago-Mexico pipeline

💡 Short Explanation

Big Inch Pipeline is located in the U.S.A. It carries petroleum. It connects the Gulf of Mexico oil region with north-eastern states. It is a major example of pipeline transport.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Big Inch Pipeline carries petroleum from the Gulf of Mexico region to the North-Eastern states of the U.S.A. → It is an important example of pipeline transport in geography. → Pipelines are useful for transporting liquid and gaseous materials over long distances. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Mexico pipeline → This is not the correct name of the pipeline.
C) North-Eastern states pipeline → This is only a general description, not the specific pipeline name.
D) Chicago-Mexico pipeline → This is not the correct pipeline route or name.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it is not the standard name.
Option B → Correct because Big Inch Pipeline carries petroleum in the U.S.A.
Option C → Incorrect because it is a generic description.
Option D → Incorrect because it is not the correct route.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

23 The highest motorable road density is found in which of the following regions of the world? (PYQ 2023)

A Africa

B Asia

C North America

D Australia

💡 Short Explanation

Road density means road length per unit area. North America has a highly developed road network. High car ownership supports road development. It has the highest motorable road density.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → North America has the highest motorable road density in the world. → This is due to advanced transport infrastructure, high urbanisation and large-scale automobile use. → The U.S.A. and Canada have extensive road networks connecting cities, towns and rural areas. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Africa → Many regions have low road connectivity and less developed infrastructure.
B) Asia → Asia has a large road network, but overall density is lower than North America.
D) Australia → Large desert and outback areas reduce road density.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because infrastructure is less developed in many areas.
Option B → Incorrect because road density is lower overall.
Option C → Correct because of developed road infrastructure.
Option D → Incorrect because vast empty areas reduce density.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

24 Which one of the following is NOT the project undertaken by National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)? (PYQ 2023)

A Atal Tunnel

B Golden Quadrilateral

C North-South Corridor

D East-West Corridor

💡 Short Explanation

NHAI undertakes major national highway projects. Golden Quadrilateral is an NHAI project. North-South and East-West corridors are also linked with NHAI. Atal Tunnel was built by Border Roads Organisation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Atal Tunnel was constructed by the Border Roads Organisation, not by NHAI. → NHAI is mainly responsible for national highway projects. → Projects like Golden Quadrilateral, North-South Corridor and East-West Corridor are associated with NHAI. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Golden Quadrilateral → This is an NHAI project connecting major metropolitan cities.
C) North-South Corridor → This is part of NHAI's highway development project.
D) East-West Corridor → This is also part of NHAI's highway development project.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because Atal Tunnel is linked with BRO, not NHAI.
Option B → Incorrect because Golden Quadrilateral is linked with NHAI.
Option C → Incorrect because North-South Corridor is linked with NHAI.
Option D → Incorrect because East-West Corridor is linked with NHAI.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

25 Radio broadcasting was started in India in 1923 by (PYQ 2023)

A Indian Broadcasting System

B All India Radio

C Radio Club of Bombay

D Akashwani

💡 Short Explanation

Radio broadcasting in India began in 1923. It started as a private initiative. The first broadcast was by Radio Club of Bombay. All India Radio came later.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Radio broadcasting in India started in 1923 through the Radio Club of Bombay. → This marked the beginning of radio broadcasting in India. → Later, broadcasting services developed under government control and became All India Radio. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Indian Broadcasting System → It came later and was not the first broadcaster in 1923.
B) All India Radio → The name All India Radio was adopted later, not in 1923.
D) Akashwani → Akashwani name was adopted later for radio broadcasting.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it was not the 1923 starting body.
Option B → Incorrect because AIR came later.
Option C → Correct because Radio Club of Bombay started broadcasting in 1923.
Option D → Incorrect because Akashwani name came later.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

26 Identify the organisation responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads in the border areas of India. (PYQ 2023)

A Public Works Department

B National Highway Authority of India

C Respective Border State Governments

D Border Road Organisation

💡 Short Explanation

Border areas need strategic roads. Border Road Organisation constructs and maintains such roads. It supports defence and development. It works especially in difficult terrain.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Border Road Organisation is responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads in border areas. → It plays an important role in defence preparedness. → It also supports regional development in remote and strategic regions. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Public Works Department → PWD mainly handles state and local roads.
B) National Highway Authority of India → NHAI mainly handles national highways, not strategic border roads.
C) Respective Border State Governments → State governments may handle local roads, but strategic border roads are mainly under BRO.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because PWD is mainly state-level.
Option B → Incorrect because NHAI handles national highways.
Option C → Incorrect because strategic roads are not mainly handled by state governments.
Option D → Correct because "Border" directly matches BRO.

Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

27 Which of the following statements about the Atal Tunnel are correct? (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) This tunnel connects Manali to Lahaul-Spiti Valley.
(B) This tunnel has been built by Border Road Organisation.
(C) This is the world’s longest highway tunnel.
(D) This tunnel is 7.02 km long.

A B, C and D only

B A, B and C only

C A, B and D only

D A, C and D only

💡 Short Explanation

Atal Tunnel connects Manali with Lahaul-Spiti. It was built by Border Roads Organisation. It is known as the world's longest highway tunnel at high altitude. Its length is 9.02 km, not 7.02 km.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Atal Tunnel provides all-weather connectivity between Manali and Lahaul-Spiti Valley. → It was built by Border Roads Organisation. → It is recognised as the world's longest highway tunnel above 10,000 feet. → Statement D is incorrect because its length is 9.02 km, not 7.02 km. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) B, C and D only → Incorrect because Statement D gives the wrong length.
C) A, B and D only → Incorrect because Statement D is wrong and Statement C is omitted.
D) A, C and D only → Incorrect because Statement D is wrong and Statement B is omitted.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Correct because Atal Tunnel connects Manali to Lahaul-Spiti Valley.
Statement B → Correct because it was built by BRO.
Statement C → Correct in the given textbook context.
Statement D → Incorrect because the tunnel is 9.02 km long, not 7.02 km.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

28 The Alaskan Highway links which of the following? (PYQ 2023)

A British Columbia to St. John city

B Edmonton to Anchorage

C Darwin to Melbourne

D Algiers to Conakry

💡 Short Explanation

Alaskan Highway is in North America. It links Canada with Alaska. Edmonton is in Canada. Anchorage is in Alaska, U.S.A.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Alaskan Highway connects Edmonton in Canada to Anchorage in Alaska. → It is an important highway route linking Alaska with the North American road network. → It supports movement across difficult northern terrain. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) British Columbia to St. John city → This is related to the Trans-Canadian route.
C) Darwin to Melbourne → This refers to Australia, not Alaska.
D) Algiers to Conakry → This is related to Africa, not the Alaskan Highway.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it refers to Canada's transcontinental route.
Option B → Correct because it connects Canada with Alaska.
Option C → Incorrect because it is in Australia.
Option D → Incorrect because it is in Africa.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

29 Famous pipeline "Big Inch" is located in (PYQ 2023)

A Saudi Arabia

B Qatar

C USA

D Venezuela

💡 Short Explanation

Big Inch is a famous petroleum pipeline. It is located in the U.S.A. It carries oil from the Gulf of Mexico region. It is an important example of pipeline transport.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Big Inch Pipeline is located in the U.S.A. → It was built to transport petroleum from the Gulf of Mexico area to the north-eastern parts of the country. → It is one of the important examples of pipeline transport in geography. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Saudi Arabia → Saudi Arabia has oil pipelines, but Big Inch is not located there.
B) Qatar → Qatar is known for gas resources, not the Big Inch Pipeline.
D) Venezuela → Venezuela has oil resources but not the Big Inch Pipeline.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because Big Inch is not in Saudi Arabia.
Option B → Incorrect because Big Inch is not in Qatar.
Option C → Correct because Big Inch is in the USA.
Option D → Incorrect because Big Inch is not in Venezuela.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

30 How many Railway Zones are there in India? (PYQ 2023)

A 12

B 14

C 15

D 16

💡 Short Explanation

Indian Railways is divided into zones. Zones help in administration and management. According to the given textbook context, there are 16 railway zones. Each zone is headed by a General Manager.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → In the NCERT textbook context used for this paper, Indian Railways is divided into 16 zones. → This division helps in better administration and operation of the railway network. → Each railway zone manages a specific region of the country. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) 12 → This is not the correct textbook count.
B) 14 → This is not the correct count in the given context.
C) 15 → This is also not the correct number.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because the answer key gives 16 zones.
Option B → Incorrect because it is below the textbook figure.
Option C → Incorrect because it is not the accepted count here.
Option D → Correct because 16 is the answer in the given paper.

Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

31 Which one of the following contributes to the maximum length of the roads in India? (PYQ 2023)

A National Highway

B State Highway

C District Roads

D Rural Roads

💡 Short Explanation

Rural roads connect villages with towns and markets. India has a very large rural settlement network. Rural roads form the maximum share of road length. National highways carry more traffic but have less total length.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Rural roads contribute the maximum length of roads in India because most settlements are villages. → These roads connect rural areas with nearby towns, markets and service centres. → Though national highways carry heavy traffic, rural roads cover the largest total length. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) National Highway → National highways carry heavy traffic but form a smaller share of total road length.
B) State Highway → State highways are important but shorter than rural roads in total length.
C) District Roads → District roads are significant but do not contribute the maximum length.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because highways are fewer in total length.
Option B → Incorrect because state highways are not the maximum.
Option C → Incorrect because district roads are below rural roads.
Option D → Correct because rural roads cover the largest total length.

Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

32 Arrange the following airports of India from east to west. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Shillong
(B) Allahabad
(C) Udaipur
(D) Patna

A A, D, B, C

B A, D, C, B

C D, A, C, B

D D, A, B, C

💡 Short Explanation

Shillong is located in North-East India. Patna lies west of Shillong. Allahabad or Prayagraj lies west of Patna. Udaipur in Rajasthan is the westernmost among the given cities.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → From east to west, the order is Shillong, Patna, Allahabad and Udaipur. → This sequence follows their longitudinal position on the map of India. → Shillong is farthest east, while Udaipur is farthest west among the given options. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) A, D, C, B → Incorrect because Udaipur is wrongly placed before Allahabad.
C) D, A, C, B → Incorrect because Patna is wrongly placed before Shillong.
D) D, A, B, C → Incorrect because Patna should not come before Shillong.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Shillong is the easternmost.
Statement D → Patna comes after Shillong.
Statement B → Allahabad comes after Patna.
Statement C → Udaipur is the westernmost.
Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

33 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Specialised Functions)	List-II (Port)
A. Ports of Call	I. Copenhagen
B. Packet Station	II. Kochi
C. Entrepot Ports	III. Aden
D. Naval Ports	IV. Dover

A A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

B A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

C A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

D A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

💡 Short Explanation

Aden is an example of a port of call. Dover is a packet station. Copenhagen is an entrepot port. Kochi is an example of a naval port.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Ports of call include Aden. → Packet stations include Dover. → Entrepot ports include Copenhagen. → Naval ports include Kochi. → Therefore, the correct matching is A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I → Incorrect because the ports and functions are wrongly matched.
C) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV → Incorrect because Copenhagen and Kochi are wrongly matched.
D) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III → Incorrect because Dover and Aden are wrongly matched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Ports of Call → Aden.
Packet Station → Dover.
Entrepot Ports → Copenhagen.
Naval Ports → Kochi.
Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

34 Arrange the following major sea ports of the world from North to South. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) New York
(B) London
(C) North Cape
(D) Durban

A C, D, B, A

B C, D, A, B

C C, B, D, A

D C, B, A, D

💡 Short Explanation

North Cape is the northernmost among the given places. London lies south of North Cape. New York lies south of London. Durban is in the Southern Hemisphere and comes last.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → From north to south, North Cape comes first because it lies near the Arctic region. → London is located in Northern Europe and comes next. → New York is further south than London. → Durban is located in South Africa in the Southern Hemisphere, so it is the southernmost. → Therefore, the correct order is North Cape → London → New York → Durban. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) C, D, B, A → Incorrect because Durban cannot come before London and New York.
B) C, D, A, B → Incorrect because Durban is wrongly placed second.
C) C, B, D, A → Incorrect because Durban should come after New York.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement C → North Cape is the northernmost.
Statement B → London comes after North Cape.
Statement A → New York comes after London.
Statement D → Durban is southernmost.
Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

35 Arrange the events in order of land transport development. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Animals were used as beasts of burden.
(B) Invention of wheel, use of carts and wagons.
(C) Railway line development and transport.
(D) Human beings as carriers.

A D, A, B, C

B A, D, B, C

C D, B, A, C

D A, D, C, B

💡 Short Explanation

First, human beings carried loads themselves. Later, animals were used as beasts of burden. The invention of the wheel led to carts and wagons. Railways developed later with modern technology.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The earliest stage of land transport involved human beings carrying goods themselves. → Later, animals were domesticated and used as beasts of burden. → The invention of the wheel introduced carts and wagons. → Railway transport developed much later with industrial technology. → Therefore, the correct sequence is D, A, B, C. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) A, D, B, C → Incorrect because humans carried loads before animals were used.
C) D, B, A, C → Incorrect because animals were used before carts and wagons.
D) A, D, C, B → Incorrect because railways cannot come before the invention of the wheel.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement D → Human carriers came first.
Statement A → Animals came next.
Statement B → Wheel and carts came after animal transport.
Statement C → Railways came last.
Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

36 Which of the following does not fall on Trans-Siberian Railway route? (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Regina
(B) Baku
(C) Moscow
(D) Khabarovsk
(E) Ulan Bator

A B and D only

B C and D only

C B and E only

D D and E only

💡 Short Explanation

The Trans-Siberian Railway runs across Russia. Moscow and Khabarovsk are linked with this route. Baku is located in Azerbaijan. Ulan Bator is in Mongolia and is not on the main Trans-Siberian route.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest railway route in the world. → It connects Moscow in western Russia with Vladivostok in the east. → Khabarovsk is also associated with the Russian eastern railway route. → Baku is located in Azerbaijan and Ulan Bator is in Mongolia, so they do not fall on the main Trans-Siberian Railway route. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer as per the provided answer key.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) B and D only → Incorrect because Khabarovsk falls on the route.
B) C and D only → Incorrect because Moscow and Khabarovsk are associated with the route.
D) D and E only → Incorrect because Khabarovsk falls on the route.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement B → Baku is not on the main Trans-Siberian route.
Statement C → Moscow is on the route.
Statement D → Khabarovsk is associated with the route.
Statement E → Ulan Bator is not on the main Trans-Siberian route.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

37 Arrange the following Radio broadcasting development in chronological order. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Radio broadcasting started by the Radio club of Bombay.
(B) Changed to Akashwani.
(C) Changed to All India Radio.
(D) Broadcasting system adopted.

A D, A, B, C

B A, D, C, B

C D, A, C, B

D A, B, C, D

💡 Short Explanation

Radio broadcasting started by the Radio Club of Bombay in 1923. Later, the broadcasting system was adopted by the government. It was renamed All India Radio in 1936. The name Akashwani came later.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Radio broadcasting in India began with the Radio Club of Bombay in 1923. → Later, the broadcasting system was adopted formally. → In 1936, it was renamed All India Radio. → Later, it came to be known as Akashwani. → Therefore, the correct sequence is A, D, C, B. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) D, A, B, C → Incorrect because broadcasting by Radio Club of Bombay came before system adoption.
C) D, A, C, B → Incorrect because it starts with system adoption before the Radio Club of Bombay.
D) A, B, C, D → Incorrect because Akashwani is placed before All India Radio and system adoption.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Radio Club of Bombay came first.
Statement D → Broadcasting system adoption came next.
Statement C → All India Radio came after that.
Statement B → Akashwani came later.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

38 National Waterway 2 stretch extends between (PYQ 2023)

A Allahabad-Haldia

B Kottapuram-Kollam

C Sadiya-Dhubri

D Patna-Haldia

💡 Short Explanation

NW-2 is located on the Brahmaputra River. It is located mainly in Assam. It extends between Sadiya and Dhubri. It is important for inland water transport in North-East India.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → National Waterway 2 is a section of the Brahmaputra River in Assam. → It extends between Sadiya and Dhubri. → It is a vital transport link for the North-Eastern states. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Allahabad-Haldia → This is National Waterway 1 on the Ganga river.
B) Kottapuram-Kollam → This is National Waterway 3 in Kerala.
D) Patna-Haldia → This is only a segment of NW-1, not NW-2.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because Allahabad-Haldia is NW-1.
Option B → Incorrect because Kottapuram-Kollam is NW-3.
Option C → Correct because Sadiya-Dhubri is NW-2.
Option D → Incorrect because Patna-Haldia belongs to the Ganga waterway stretch.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

39 The Orient Express line runs between two terminal stations (PYQ 2023)

A Perth and Sydney

B Paris and Istanbul

C New York and San Francisco

D New Delhi and Hawrah

💡 Short Explanation

Orient Express is a famous railway line in Europe. It connected Western Europe with the gateway to Asia. Its terminal stations were Paris and Istanbul. It is one of the most famous historic train routes.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Orient Express was a famous railway line running between Paris and Istanbul. → It connected Western Europe with the eastern gateway through Turkey. → The route became historically important for long-distance rail travel in Europe. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Perth and Sydney → These are associated with Australia, not the Orient Express.
C) New York and San Francisco → These are railway points in the U.S.A., not Europe's Orient Express.
D) New Delhi and Hawrah → These are Indian railway stations and not related to the Orient Express.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because it belongs to Australia.
Option B → Correct because Orient Express ran between Paris and Istanbul.
Option C → Incorrect because it refers to the U.S.A.
Option D → Incorrect because it refers to India.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

40 The Suez canal is constructed by (PYQ 2023)

A Egypt

B Iran

C Panama

D Turcky

💡 Short Explanation

Suez Canal is located in Egypt. It connects the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. It provides a shorter route between Europe and Asia. It is one of the world's most important canals.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Suez Canal is located in Egypt. → It connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. → It helps ships avoid the long route around the Cape of Good Hope. → Therefore, in this question, Egypt is the correct answer. → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) Iran → Iran has no geographical connection with the Suez Canal.
C) Panama → Panama is associated with the Panama Canal, not the Suez Canal.
D) Turcky → Turkey is not the location of the Suez Canal.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct because Suez Canal is located in Egypt.
Option B → Incorrect because Iran is unrelated to the Suez Canal.
Option C → Incorrect because Panama refers to a different canal.
Option D → Incorrect because Turkey is not the correct location.

Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

41 Identify the following railway stations with respect to Trans-Siberian Railway. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
A) Moscow
(B) Chita
(C) Montreal
(D) Vladivostok

A (A), (B), (C) only

B (A), (B), (D) only

C (A), (C), (D) only

D (B), (C), (D) only

💡 Short Explanation

Trans-Siberian Railway runs across Russia. Moscow, Chita and Vladivostok are connected with this route. Montreal is located in Canada, not Russia.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Trans-Siberian Railway runs from Moscow in western Russia to Vladivostok on the Pacific coast. → Chita is also an important station on this railway route. → Montreal is located in Canada and is not part of the Trans-Siberian Railway. → Therefore, the correct set is Moscow, Chita and Vladivostok. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A), (B), (C) only → Incorrect because Montreal is not on the Trans-Siberian Railway.
C) (A), (C), (D) only → Incorrect because Montreal is included and Chita is omitted.
D) (B), (C), (D) only → Incorrect because Montreal is included and Moscow is omitted.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Correct because Moscow is on the route.
Statement B → Correct because Chita is on the route.
Statement C → Incorrect because Montreal is in Canada.
Statement D → Correct because Vladivostok is the eastern terminal.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

42 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Sea Ports)	List-II (Country)
A. Montevideo	I. England
B. Cape Town	II. United States of America
C. New Orleans	III. Uruguay
D. London	IV. South Africa

A (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

B (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

C (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

D (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)

💡 Short Explanation

Montevideo is the capital and port of Uruguay. Cape Town is a major port of South Africa. New Orleans is a port in the United States of America. London is a major port of England.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Montevideo is correctly matched with Uruguay. → Cape Town is correctly matched with South Africa. → New Orleans is a major port city in the United States of America. → London is a major port city of England. → Therefore, the correct matching is (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I). → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II) → Incorrect because Cape Town, New Orleans and London are mismatched.
C) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II) → Incorrect because Montevideo and Cape Town are wrongly matched.
D) (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I) → Incorrect because Montevideo, Cape Town and New Orleans are mismatched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Montevideo → Uruguay.
Cape Town → South Africa.
New Orleans → United States of America.
London → England.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

43 The National Highways connecting Delhi to Kolkata was known by (PYQ 2023)

A National Highway - 1

B National Highway - 2

C National Highway - 3

D National Highway - 4

💡 Short Explanation

Delhi to Kolkata route was known as NH-2 under old numbering. It formed part of the historic Grand Trunk Road system. It connected northern India with eastern India.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Under the old national highway numbering system, NH-2 connected Delhi to Kolkata. → This route was historically important as part of the Grand Trunk Road. → It passed through important cities such as Kanpur, Varanasi and Asansol. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) National Highway - 1 → It connected Delhi towards Punjab/Attari side, not Kolkata.
C) National Highway - 3 → It was associated with Agra-Mumbai route.
D) National Highway - 4 → It was associated with the Mumbai-Chennai route.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because NH-1 goes towards Punjab.
Option B → Correct because Delhi-Kolkata was NH-2.
Option C → Incorrect because NH-3 is not Delhi-Kolkata.
Option D → Incorrect because NH-4 is not Delhi-Kolkata.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

44 As per location arrange the following International airports from east to west direction. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Kolkata
(B) Amritsar
(C) Guwahati
(D) Delhi

A (A), (C), (D), (B)

B (A), (C), (B), (D)

C (C), (A), (D), (B)

D (C), (A), (B), (D)

💡 Short Explanation

East to west means moving from the eastern side of India to the western side. Guwahati is the easternmost among the given cities. Amritsar is the westernmost among the given cities.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Guwahati is located in Assam, in North-East India. → Kolkata lies west of Guwahati. → Delhi lies further west of Kolkata. → Amritsar is located in Punjab near the western border of India. → Therefore, the correct east-to-west sequence is Guwahati → Kolkata → Delhi → Amritsar. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A), (C), (D), (B) → Incorrect because Kolkata is placed before Guwahati.
B) (A), (C), (B), (D) → Incorrect because Kolkata is placed before Guwahati and Amritsar before Delhi.
D) (C), (A), (B), (D) → Incorrect because Amritsar should come after Delhi.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement C → Guwahati is easternmost.
Statement A → Kolkata comes after Guwahati.
Statement D → Delhi comes after Kolkata.
Statement B → Amritsar is westernmost.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

45 Read the following statements about Konkan Railway carefully and identify the correct statements. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) It connects Mangalore in Maharashtra to Roha in Karnataka.
(B) It crosses 146 rivers, streams and nearly 2000 bridges.
(C) The states of Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka are partners in this undertaking.
(D) It is 760 km long rail route.

A (A), (B) and (C) only

B (A), (B) and (D) only

C (A), (C) and (D) only

D (B), (C) and (D) only

💡 Short Explanation

Konkan Railway is an important rail route along the western coast. It passes through difficult terrain of the Western Ghats. It is about 760 km long. Statement A is incorrect because the terminal locations are wrongly stated.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Konkan Railway connects Roha in Maharashtra to Mangalore in Karnataka. → It crosses many rivers, streams and nearly 2000 bridges. → Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka are important partners in this undertaking. → The rail route is about 760 km long. → Therefore, Statements B, C and D are correct. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A), (B) and (C) only → Incorrect because Statement A is wrong.
B) (A), (B) and (D) only → Incorrect because Statement A is wrong and Statement C is omitted.
C) (A), (C) and (D) only → Incorrect because Statement A is wrong and Statement B is omitted.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Incorrect because Roha is in Maharashtra and Mangalore is in Karnataka.
Statement B → Correct because it crosses many rivers and bridges.
Statement C → Correct because Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka are associated with it.
Statement D → Correct because it is about 760 km long.
Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

46 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Road Category)	List-II (Primary Function)
A. National Highways	I. Joining state capitals with district HQs
B. State Highways	II. Providing links in rural areas
C. District Roads	III. Inter-state transport
D. Rural Roads	IV. Connecting district HQs and other nodes

A (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)

B (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

C (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)

D (A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(II)

💡 Short Explanation

National Highways support inter-state transport. State Highways connect state capitals with district headquarters. District Roads connect district headquarters with other nodes. Rural Roads provide links in rural areas.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → National Highways facilitate long-distance and inter-state transport. → State Highways connect state capitals with district headquarters. → District Roads connect district headquarters with other important nodes in the district. → Rural Roads provide vital links in rural areas. → Therefore, the correct matching is (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II). → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV) → Incorrect because State Highways, District Roads and Rural Roads are mismatched.
C) (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV) → Incorrect because National and State Highways are wrongly matched.
D) (A)-(I), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(II) → Incorrect because National, State and District Roads are mismatched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

National Highways → Inter-state transport.
State Highways → State capital to district headquarters.
District Roads → District headquarters and other nodes.
Rural Roads → Rural links.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

47 Which of the following sea route is called as Big Trunk Route? (PYQ 2023)

A North Pacific Sea Route

B Northen Atlantic Sea Route

C Cape of Good Hope Sea Route

D Southern Atlantic Sea Route

💡 Short Explanation

The North Atlantic Sea Route is called the Big Trunk Route. It connects Eastern North America with Western Europe. It is one of the busiest sea routes in the world.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Northern Atlantic Sea Route is known as the Big Trunk Route. → It connects two highly industrialised regions: North America and Western Europe. → Due to heavy trade, shipping lanes and port facilities, it is one of the busiest ocean routes. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) North Pacific Sea Route → This connects North America with East Asia, but it is not called the Big Trunk Route.
C) Cape of Good Hope Sea Route → This route lost some importance after the opening of the Suez Canal.
D) Southern Atlantic Sea Route → This has comparatively lower trade volume.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because North Pacific is not the Big Trunk Route.
Option B → Correct because North Atlantic is the Big Trunk Route.
Option C → Incorrect because it is a different sea route.
Option D → Incorrect because it has lower trade volume.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

48 Which of the following country has the highest density of rail network? (PYQ 2023)

A Africa

B Canada

C Asia

D Australia

💡 Short Explanation

Canada has a highly developed rail network. Among the given options, Canada is the correct country. Africa and Asia are continents, not countries. Australia has large sparsely populated areas with lower rail density.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Among the given choices, Canada is the correct answer. → Canada has an extensive railway network, especially in its southern and industrial regions. → Railways are important for moving bulk goods across long distances in Canada. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) Africa → Africa is a continent and has a relatively low and uneven rail network density.
C) Asia → Asia is a continent with large variation in rail density across regions.
D) Australia → Australia has railways, but large interior areas reduce its overall rail density.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because Africa is a continent with lower rail density.
Option B → Correct because Canada is the correct country among the options.
Option C → Incorrect because Asia is a continent, not a country.
Option D → Incorrect because Australia has lower overall density due to vast empty areas.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

49 Arrange the following stations of Trans-Siberian Railway from East to West direction. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:
(A) Chita
(B) Vladivostok
(C) Moscow
(D) Omsk

A (A), (B), (C), (D)

B (B), (A), (D), (C)

C (B), (A), (C), (D)

D (A), (B), (C), (D)

💡 Short Explanation

Vladivostok is the eastern terminal on the Pacific coast. Chita lies west of Vladivostok. Omsk lies further west in Siberia. Moscow is the westernmost among the given stations.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Trans-Siberian Railway runs from Vladivostok in the east to Moscow in the west. → Moving from east to west, Vladivostok comes first. → Chita comes next, followed by Omsk. → Moscow is the westernmost station among the given options. → Therefore, the correct sequence is Vladivostok → Chita → Omsk → Moscow. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A), (B), (C), (D) → Incorrect because Chita is placed before Vladivostok and Moscow before Omsk.
C) (B), (A), (C), (D) → Incorrect because Moscow is placed before Omsk.
D) (A), (B), (C), (D) → Incorrect because the sequence does not follow east-to-west order.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement B → Vladivostok is the easternmost.
Statement A → Chita comes after Vladivostok.
Statement D → Omsk lies west of Chita.
Statement C → Moscow is westernmost.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

50 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Trans-Continental Railways)	List-II (Stations)
A. Trans-Siberian Railways	I. Perth to Sydney
B. Trans-Canadian Railways	II. St. Petersburg to Vladivostok
C. The Union and Pacific Railways	III. New York to San Francisco
D. The Australian Trans-continental Railways	IV. Halifax to Vancouver

A (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

B (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)

C (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

D (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

💡 Short Explanation

Trans-Siberian Railway runs from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok. Trans-Canadian Railway runs from Halifax to Vancouver. Union and Pacific Railway connects New York to San Francisco. Australian Trans-continental Railway connects Perth to Sydney.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Trans-Siberian Railway is matched with St. Petersburg to Vladivostok. → Trans-Canadian Railway is matched with Halifax to Vancouver. → The Union and Pacific Railways are matched with New York to San Francisco. → Australian Trans-continental Railway is matched with Perth to Sydney. → Therefore, the correct matching is (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(I). → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III) → Incorrect because Canadian, Union-Pacific and Australian railways are mismatched.
C) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I) → Incorrect because Trans-Canadian and Union-Pacific are mismatched.
D) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II) → Incorrect because all major railway routes are mismatched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Trans-Siberian → St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.
Trans-Canadian → Halifax to Vancouver.
Union and Pacific → New York to San Francisco.
Australian → Perth to Sydney.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

51 Arrange the following railway stations in east to west direction. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:

A (A), (B), (C), (D)

B (A), (C), (B), (D)

C (C), (D), (B), (A)

D (C), (B), (D), (A)

💡 Short Explanation

These stations are connected with the Trans-Siberian Railway. Chita lies towards eastern Siberia. Angarsk lies west of Chita. Moscow is the westernmost among the given stations.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → From east to west, Chita comes first among the given stations. → Angarsk lies west of Chita near the Lake Baikal region. → Omsk lies further west in Siberia. → Moscow lies in western Russia and is the westernmost among these. → Therefore, the correct sequence is Chita → Angarsk → Omsk → Moscow. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A), (B), (C), (D) → Incorrect because it starts from the western side.
B) (A), (C), (B), (D) → Incorrect because Moscow is placed first though it is westernmost.
D) (C), (B), (D), (A) → Incorrect because Omsk is placed before Angarsk.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement C → Chita is easternmost.
Statement D → Angarsk comes after Chita.
Statement B → Omsk lies further west.
Statement A → Moscow is westernmost.
Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

52 Arrange the following sea ports from south to north direction. (PYQ 2023)
Statements:

A (D), (B), (C), (A)

B (A), (B), (D), (C)

C (B), (A), (D), (C)

D (D), (C), (A), (B)

💡 Short Explanation

Valparaiso is in Chile and is the southernmost. Callao is in Peru and lies north of Valparaiso. Colon is in Panama. San Francisco is in the USA and is the northernmost among the given ports.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → From south to north, Valparaiso comes first because it is located in Chile. → Callao comes next because it is located in Peru. → Colon in Panama lies further north in Central America. → San Francisco in the USA is the northernmost among the given ports. → Therefore, the correct order is Valparaiso → Callao → Colon → San Francisco. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (D), (B), (C), (A) → Incorrect because San Francisco is placed too early.
B) (A), (B), (D), (C) → Incorrect because it starts with Colon instead of Valparaiso.
C) (B), (A), (D), (C) → Incorrect because it starts with the northernmost port.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement D → Valparaiso is southernmost.
Statement C → Callao comes after Valparaiso.
Statement A → Colon comes after Callao.
Statement B → San Francisco is northernmost.
Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

53 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2023)

List-I (Railway Zone)	List-II (Headquarter)
A. South Central	IV. Secunderabad
B. South Eastern	III. Kolkata
C. South East Central	I. Bilaspur
D. South Western	II. Hubli

A (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

B (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

C (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

D (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)

💡 Short Explanation

South Central Railway headquarters is Secunderabad. South Eastern Railway headquarters is Kolkata. South East Central Railway headquarters is Bilaspur. South Western Railway headquarters is Hubli.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → South Central Railway is headquartered at Secunderabad. → South Eastern Railway is headquartered at Kolkata. → South East Central Railway is headquartered at Bilaspur. → South Western Railway is headquartered at Hubli. → Therefore, the correct matching is (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II). → Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

B) (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II) → Incorrect because South Central and South East Central are mismatched.
C) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I) → Incorrect because South Central, South East Central and South Western are mismatched.
D) (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III) → Incorrect because South Eastern, South East Central and South Western are mismatched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

South Central → Secunderabad.
South Eastern → Kolkata.
South East Central → Bilaspur.
South Western → Hubli.
Final Answer → Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

54 How much is the length of the Golden Quadrilateral road network? (PYQ 2024)

A 4076 km

B 5846 km

C 3640 km

D 7246 km

💡 Short Explanation

Golden Quadrilateral connects Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. It is part of the National Highways Development Project. Its total length is 5846 km.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Golden Quadrilateral is one of India's major highway development projects. → It connects four major metropolitan cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. → The total length of this road network is 5846 km. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) 4076 km → This is not the correct length of the Golden Quadrilateral.
C) 3640 km → This is also not the correct figure.
D) 7246 km → This is higher than the actual Golden Quadrilateral length.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because 4076 km is not the standard figure.
Option B → Correct because Golden Quadrilateral is 5846 km long.
Option C → Incorrect because 3640 km is not correct.
Option D → Incorrect because 7246 km is too high.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

55 The length of first railway run between Bombay and Thane was: (PYQ 2024)

A 32 km

B 34 km

C 36 km

D 38 km

💡 Short Explanation

India's first passenger train ran in 1853. It ran between Bombay and Thane. The distance covered was 34 km.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The first passenger train in India ran between Bombay and Thane on 16 April 1853. → This was a landmark event in the development of rail transport in India. → The distance covered by this first railway run was 34 km. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) 32 km → This is not the accepted historical distance.
C) 36 km → This is higher than the correct distance.
D) 38 km → This is also higher than the correct distance.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because the first run was not 32 km.
Option B → Correct because the Bombay-Thane run was 34 km.
Option C → Incorrect because 36 km is not correct.
Option D → Incorrect because 38 km is not correct.

Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

56 Match List-I with List-II. (PYQ 2024)

List-I (Station)	List-II (Trans-Continental Railway)
A. Chita	I. Australian Trans-Continental Railway
B. Winnipeg	II. Union Pacific Railway
C. Broken Hill	III. Trans-Siberian Railway
D. Chicago	IV. Trans-Canadian Railway

A A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

B A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

C A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

D A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

💡 Short Explanation

Chita is associated with the Trans-Siberian Railway. Winnipeg is associated with the Trans-Canadian Railway. Broken Hill is associated with the Australian Trans-Continental Railway. Chicago is associated with the Union Pacific Railway.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Chita is a major station on the Trans-Siberian Railway in Russia. → Winnipeg is an important station on the Trans-Canadian Railway. → Broken Hill is connected with the Australian Trans-Continental Railway. → Chicago is associated with the Union Pacific Railway network in the USA. → Therefore, the correct matching is A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV → Incorrect because all major station-railway pairings are mismatched.
C) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III → Incorrect because Chita, Winnipeg, Broken Hill and Chicago are wrongly matched.
D) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I → Incorrect because Winnipeg, Broken Hill and Chicago are mismatched.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Chita → Trans-Siberian Railway.
Winnipeg → Trans-Canadian Railway.
Broken Hill → Australian Trans-Continental Railway.
Chicago → Union Pacific Railway.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

57 Identify from the following the statement which is not correct about the Rhine waterways. (PYQ 2024)

A It is navigable for 700 km.

B It flows through a rich coalfield and the whole basin has become a prosperous manufacturing area.

C Ocean-going vessels can reach upto Cologne.

D It connects the industrial areas of Switzerland, France and Russia.

💡 Short Explanation

The Rhine is an important waterway of Western Europe. It is navigable for a long distance. It serves industrial regions of Switzerland, Germany, France and the Netherlands. It does not connect Russia.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Rhine Waterway is a major inland waterway of Western Europe. → It flows through or serves regions linked with Switzerland, Germany, France and the Netherlands. → Russia is located far to the east and is not connected by the Rhine Waterway. → Therefore, the statement mentioning Russia is not correct. → Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) It is navigable for 700 km → This is a correct statement, so it is not the answer for a "not correct" question.
B) It flows through a rich coalfield and the whole basin has become a prosperous manufacturing area → This is also correct.
C) Ocean-going vessels can reach upto Cologne → This is a correct feature of the Rhine Waterway.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Correct statement about Rhine navigability.
Option B → Correct statement about Rhine industrial region.
Option C → Correct statement about vessels reaching Cologne.
Option D → Incorrect because Rhine does not connect Russia.

Final Answer → Option D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

58 Identify from the following, the correct statements about transportation in India. (PYQ 2024)
Statements:

A (A), (B) and (C) only

B (A) and (C) only

C (A) and (B) only

D (B), (C) and (D) only

💡 Short Explanation

Atal Tunnel passes through the Pir Panjal Range. Indian Railways is mainly broad gauge, not metre gauge. Inland Waterways Authority of India was set up in 1986. Konkan Railway connects Roha in Maharashtra to Mangalore in Karnataka.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Statement A is correct because Atal Tunnel passes through the Pir Panjal Range. → Statement C is correct because the Inland Waterways Authority of India was set up in 1986. → Statement B is incorrect because most Indian Railway track is broad gauge, not metre gauge. → Statement D is incorrect because Konkan Railway connects Roha in Maharashtra to Mangalore in Karnataka. → Therefore, only Statements A and C are correct. → Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) (A), (B) and (C) only → Incorrect because Statement B is wrong.
C) (A) and (B) only → Incorrect because Statement B is wrong and Statement C is omitted.
D) (B), (C) and (D) only → Incorrect because Statements B and D are wrong.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement A → Correct because Atal Tunnel is in the Pir Panjal Range.
Statement B → Incorrect because metre gauge is not 80% of Indian Railway track.
Statement C → Correct because IWAI was set up in 1986.
Statement D → Incorrect because Roha is in Maharashtra and Mangalore is in Karnataka.
Final Answer → Option B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

59 The first radio programme was broadcast in India in __________. (PYQ 2024)

A 1910

B 1913

C 1923

D 1932

💡 Short Explanation

Radio broadcasting in India began in 1923. The Radio Club of Bombay made the first broadcast. This marked the beginning of radio broadcasting in India.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The first radio programme in India was broadcast in 1923. → It was started by the Radio Club of Bombay. → This was the beginning of radio broadcasting in India before the later development of All India Radio and Akashwani. → Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

A) 1910 → This is too early for the first radio programme in India.
B) 1913 → This is also not the correct year.
D) 1932 → Radio broadcasting had already started before this year.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option A → Incorrect because radio broadcasting did not begin in India in 1910.
Option B → Incorrect because 1913 is not the correct year.
Option C → Correct because the first broadcast was in 1923.
Option D → Incorrect because it is later than the actual beginning.

Final Answer → Option C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class XII, India: People and Economy, Chapter: Transport and Communication.

60 Match List-I with List-II(PYQ 2025)

LIST I (Pack Animals)	LIST II (Areas)
A. Mules	I. Mountains
B. Camels	II. Siberia
C. Reindeer	III. Deserts
D. Horses	IV. Western Countries

A (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)

B (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)

C (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

D (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

💡 Short Explanation

Pack animals are adapted to specific terrains for transporting goods. Mules are sure-footed for steep mountain paths. Reindeer are used in the cold Arctic/Tundra regions like Siberia. Camels are uniquely adapted to arid desert conditions.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → In transport geography, humans use animals that are naturally adapted to local environmental constraints. Mules (A) are preferred in Mountains (I) because they are stable and strong. Camels (B) are "ships of the Desert (III)" due to their ability to survive without water. Reindeer (C) are used in the frozen plains of Siberia (II) and the Arctic for sledging. Horses (D) are traditionally used as pack animals across Western Countries (IV) and grasslands.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A: Incorrectly matches Camels to Siberia and Reindeer to Deserts.
Option C: Incorrectly matches Camels to Siberia and Horses to Deserts.
Option D: Incorrectly matches Mules to Deserts and Horses to Siberia.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option Grouping
Match the most obvious pair: Camels → Deserts (B-III).
Only option B contains B-III.
Verify others: A-I (Mules-Mountains) and C-II (Reindeer-Siberia).
Final Answer → B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Animal Transport).

61 The Channel Tunnel connects which of the following pair of cities?(PYQ 2025)

A London-Moscow

B London-Paris

C London-Brussels

D Berlin-London

💡 Short Explanation

The Channel Tunnel (Chunnel) is an underwater rail tunnel. It runs beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. It provides a direct link between the UK and mainland Europe.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Channel Tunnel is a 50 km long underwater tunnel that connects Folkestone (UK) with Coquelles (France). It allows high-speed Eurostar trains to connect London directly with Paris. It is one of the greatest engineering feats of the 20th century, significantly reducing travel time between the two capitals.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A: No underwater tunnel connects London and Moscow.
Option C: Trains go to Brussels, but the iconic city-pair is London-Paris.
Option D: Berlin is not connected by the Channel Tunnel.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Contextual/Tonal Matching
Channel = English Channel.
UK ↔ France.
Final Answer → B.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Railways).

62 Big Inch, a famous pipeline which carries petroleum from the oil wells, is located in which one of the following countries?(PYQ 2025)

A U.S.A.

B Canada

C Brazil

D India

💡 Short Explanation

Big Inch is a specialized petroleum pipeline. It connects oil-producing regions to industrial centers. It is a famous part of American energy infrastructure.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Big Inch is located in the U.S.A. and carries petroleum from Gulf Coast oil fields to the North-Eastern states. It is one of the most famous petroleum pipelines in the world.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B: Uses other major pipelines.
Option C: Does not contain Big Inch.
Option D: India has HVJ and other pipelines, not Big Inch.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Contextual/Tonal Matching
Big Inch is associated with the United States.
Final Answer → A.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Pipelines).

63 The roads laid along international boundaries are called:(PYQ 2025)

A International Roads

B International Highways

C District Roads

D Border Roads

💡 Short Explanation

These roads are constructed and maintained along international frontiers. They are important for national security and defense. They improve accessibility in remote border regions.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Border Roads are strategic roads built along the international boundaries of a country. In India, these roads are maintained by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), established in 1960. They help accelerate economic development in frontier regions, strengthen defense preparedness, connect remote settlements, and ensure the supply of essential commodities to military personnel stationed in difficult terrain.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A: International Roads may connect countries but are not specifically built along borders.
Option B: International Highways are designed for international travel and trade, not border security.
Option C: District Roads connect places within a district and have no relation to international boundaries.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Contextual/Tonal Matching
Keyword: "International boundaries."
Strategic purpose = Border Roads.
Final Answer → D.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Border Roads).

64 Which of the following transportation mode is most suited for large volumes of bulky materials over long distances within a country?(PYQ 2025)

A Air Transportation

B Road Transportation

C Rail Transportation

D Pipelines

💡 Short Explanation

Railways are ideal for transporting heavy bulk goods. They are economical over long distances. They carry coal, iron ore, timber, food grains, etc.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Rail Transportation is the most efficient mode for moving bulky materials over long distances within a country. Railways offer high carrying capacity and lower transport costs per unit of cargo. They are extensively used for transporting raw materials to industries and finished products to markets. Countries such as India, Russia, and the USA depend heavily on railways for bulk transportation.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A: Air transport is expensive and unsuitable for bulk goods.
Option B: Road transport is better for short distances and smaller loads.
Option D: Pipelines are restricted to liquids, gases, and slurry materials.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option Grouping
Bulky + Long Distance + Inland = Railways.
Final Answer → C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Railways).

65 Identify the correct statements about pipelines.(PYQ 2025)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A (A), (C) and (D) only

B (A), (B) and (C) only

C (A) and (B) only

D (B), (C) and (D) only

💡 Short Explanation

Pipelines transport liquids and gases efficiently. Solids can also be transported in slurry form. Modern pipeline systems handle many commodities beyond oil and gas.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → Statement (A) is correct because pipelines are widely used for transporting water, petroleum, and natural gas. Statement (B) is correct because coal can be transported after being mixed with water to form slurry. Statement (C) is incorrect because milk is transported through pipelines in certain dairy-producing regions. Statement (D) is incorrect because PNG and piped LPG systems are used in many cities.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Statement C: Factually incorrect. Milk can be transported through pipelines.
Statement D: Factually incorrect. LPG and natural gas can be supplied through pipelines.
Options A, B, and D: Include at least one incorrect statement.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Elimination
Extreme phrases such as "not in any country" and "only through cylinders" are usually incorrect.
Final Answer → C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Pipelines).

66 Arrange the following railway stations of the Trans Siberian Railway from west to east.(PYQ 2025)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A (A), (C), (B), (D)

B (C), (A), (B), (D)

C (A), (B), (C), (D)

D (C), (B), (D), (A)

💡 Short Explanation

The Trans-Siberian Railway is the world's longest railway line. It extends from western Russia to the Pacific coast. It crosses the Ural Mountains and Siberian plains.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

(Detailed) → The Trans-Siberian Railway begins near Moscow in western Russia. Moving eastward, it passes through Kazan, then Omsk in Western Siberia, and later Chita in eastern Siberia before reaching Vladivostok. Therefore, the correct west-to-east sequence is Moscow → Kazan → Omsk → Chita.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A: Places Omsk before Kazan.
Option B: Starts with Omsk, which is east of Moscow.
Option D: Completely disrupts the geographical sequence.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Contextual/Tonal Matching
Moscow is the westernmost station.
Chita is the easternmost station among the options.
Final Answer → C.

🧠 Memory Trick

📚 → Class 12, Fundamentals of Human Geography, Chapter 7: Transport and Communication (Section: Trans-Siberian Railway).

CUET UG Categorised PYQ Geography Unit 7

Test Complete!

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