CUET UG Business Studies Booster Test 2 Meaning and Concept of Planning -

🚀

CUET UG Business Studies Test 3 Meaning and Concept of Planning

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Business Studies Test 3 Meaning and Concept of Planning

1 / 20

QUESTION 1 OF 20

Analyzing the comprehensive definition of planning, which of the following is NOT an integral component?

Answer Review

1 Analyzing the comprehensive definition of planning, which of the following is NOT an integral component?

A Formulating various courses of action

B Setting objectives for a given time period

C Selecting the best possible alternative

D Measuring actual performance against standard deviations

💡 Short Explanation

Planning focuses on future goal setting and path selection. Measurement of actual performance is a post-execution activity. Planning provides the standards, but doesn't perform the measurement itself.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Planning is the process of thinking before doing. It involves determining the "Ends" (objectives) and the "Means" (courses of action). Options A, B, and C are core steps in the planning process: identifying alternatives, setting specific time-bound goals, and decision-making. However, "measuring actual performance" is the primary characteristic of the Controlling function, not Planning. While planning sets the standards for measurement, the act of comparing actual results to those standards happens later in the management cycle.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is a fundamental part of planning (Identifying alternative courses of action).
Option B → Objectives are the starting point of any plan and must be time-bound.
Option C → Planning essentially involves choice; selecting the most viable option is the decision-making stage.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Odd One Out

Application: Options A, B, and C are "Forward-looking" (pre-work), while Option D is "Backward-looking" (post-work).

Final Logic: Measurement of actual performance is a function of Control, whereas Planning deals with expectations.

🧠 Memory Trick

Plan = Prep; Control = Check. D is a "Check" activity.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Meaning and Process

2 Assertion (A): By deciding in advance the tasks to be performed, planning shows the way to deal with changes and uncertain events.
Reason (R): Planning enables a manager to look ahead, anticipate changes, and develop managerial responses.

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C A is true but R is false.

D A is false but R is true.

💡 Short Explanation

Planning reduces the impact of uncertainty. Foresight allows for prepared responses. The "how" of dealing with change is explained by "anticipation."

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Assertion (A) is true because while planning cannot eliminate change, it prepares the organization to navigate it. Reason (R) is true and provides the logical mechanism for the assertion: because planning involves looking into the future (futuristic nature), managers can identify potential risks and create "Plan Bs" or contingency strategies. Since R explains how planning "shows the way" mentioned in A, it is the correct explanation.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrect because there is a direct causal link between anticipating changes (R) and showing the way to deal with them (A).
Option C → Reason R is a factual pillar of planning theory.
Option D → Assertion A is a recognized importance of planning in NCERT.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application: The "how" in A (showing the way) is answered by the "anticipating" in R.

Final Logic: Anticipation is the prerequisite for effective response to uncertainty.

🧠 Memory Trick

See it (R) to solve it (A).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning reduces the risks of uncertainty

3 Statement I: Planning is a physical exercise rather than a mental one, as it requires execution.
Statement II: Planning is basically an intellectual activity of thinking rather than doing, because it determines the action to be taken.

A Both statements are true.

B Both statements are false.

C Statement I is false, Statement II is true.

D Statement I is true, Statement II is false.

💡 Short Explanation

Planning is a "Mental Exercise." Execution is the "Doing" part (Implementation), not the planning itself. Planning requires logic, foresight, and judgment.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is false because planning is the mental preparation that occurs before any physical action is taken. Execution is a separate stage. Statement II is true because planning is an intellectual process that requires the application of the mind, involving foresight and sound judgment to decide what is to be done in the future. It is "thinking before doing."

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Both cannot be true as they directly contradict the nature of planning.
Option B → Statement II is a classic textbook definition of planning's nature.
Option D → Planning is specifically categorized as a mental exercise, not a physical one.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Elimination

Application: Knowing that planning is a "thinking" process immediately invalidates Statement I.

Final Logic: Planning happens in the mind; execution happens on the floor.

🧠 Memory Trick

Brain before Brawn. (Planning is the brain work).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning is a mental exercise

4 IOCL escalates its goal of achieving net zero operational emissions by the year 2046 and plans a 2 lakh crore investment to realize this vision. Conceptually, this demonstrates that planning has no meaning unless it:

A Prevents all operational risks

B Contributes to the achievement of predetermined organizational goals

C Divides the employees into separate teams

D Overlaps with redundant activities Answer: (B)

💡 Short Explanation

Goals give purpose to plans. Large investments must be tied to specific outcomes. Planning is "Goal-Oriented."

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Planning starts with the setting of goals. In the case of IOCL, the "net zero emissions by 2046" is the predetermined organizational goal. The investment plan is the "means" created specifically to achieve that "end." Without a goal, the investment would be aimless. Therefore, planning is only meaningful when it is directed toward achieving specific results.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Planning reduces risk but can never "prevent all" risk.
Option C → This refers to the Organizing function (Division of work).
Option D → Planning aims to eliminate redundant activities, not overlap with them.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Substitution

Application: The "net zero goal" is the "predetermined goal" mentioned in Option B.

Final Logic: Planning exists to serve the goal.

🧠 Memory Trick

Goal = Soul. A plan without a goal has no soul/meaning.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning focuses on achieving objectives

📄 Passage

"Planning, thus, involves setting objectives and developing appropriate courses of action to achieve these objectives. Objectives provide direction for all managerial decisions and actions. Planning provides a rational approach for achieving predetermined objectives."

In the context of the passage, why must objectives be predetermined before developing a course of action?

A To confuse the competitors

B To increase the time consumed in planning

C To ensure the approach to achieve them is rational and directed

D To replace the need for decision making

💡 Short Explanation

Objectives provide the "where to go." Direction ensures efficiency. Planning is a rational, not random, approach.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the passage, objectives provide "direction" for decisions. By predetermining objectives, a manager ensures that every action taken and every resource allocated is intentionally moved toward that goal. This makes the management process "rational" (logical) rather than spontaneous or chaotic.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Plans are made for internal success, not primarily for external confusion.
Option B → Planning aims to increase efficiency and save time in execution, not waste it in the planning phase.
Option D → Objectives make decision-making possible; they do not replace it.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application: The passage uses the keywords "direction" and "rational approach," which are mirrored in Option C.

Final Logic: Objectives act as the compass for the rational management process.

🧠 Memory Trick

Objective = Compass. It guides the "Directed" approach.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Meaning and Importance

📄 Passage

If an organization fails to set clear objectives, what is the most likely consequence for managerial actions, according to the principles in the passage?

A Managers will lack a guiding direction for their decisions.

B The firm will automatically achieve its targets.

C Employees will effortlessly work in coordination.

D Redundant activities will be completely eliminated.

💡 Short Explanation

Objectives are the foundation of decision-making. No objectives = no coordination. Action without direction is wasteful.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The passage states that objectives provide "direction for all managerial decisions." If clear objectives are absent, managers have no benchmark to decide which course of action is "right" or "wrong." This leads to disjointed efforts where different departments might work toward conflicting purposes, resulting in organizational inefficiency.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Success is never automatic; it requires planned effort.
Option C → Coordination requires a common goal; without it, effort is scattered.
Option D → Redundant activities increase when there is no clear plan to coordinate work.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Elimination

Application: Options B, C, and D are positive outcomes. A failure to set objectives (a negative act) cannot logically result in positive outcomes.

Final Logic: No Goal = No Direction.

🧠 Memory Trick

Blindfold Management: Managing without objectives is like walking blindfolded.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning provides direction

7 Match the concepts relating to courses of action (List 1) with their conceptual implications (List 2):

List 1	List 2
1. Only one course of action available	A. Requires thorough examination and evaluation
2. Multiple alternatives available	B. Means how a task is to be done
3. Formulating an action plan	C. Achieving predetermined objectives systematically
4. Rational approach	D. Need for planning does not arise

A 1-A, 2-D, 3-C, 4-B

B 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C

C 1-C, 2-B, 3-A, 4-D

D 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C

💡 Short Explanation

1-D: No choice = No plan. 2-A: Many choices = Need to evaluate. 3-B: Action plan = The "How." 4-C: Rationality = Systematic achievement.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This matching identifies the logical relationships in planning: 1. If there is only one way to do things, you don't need a plan (1-D). 2. If there are many ways, you must examine them (2-A). 3. The action plan defines the method of execution (3-B). 4. A rational approach ensures the goal is met systematically (4-C).

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Options A, B, C → These mismatch the basic definitions. For example, A suggests having "only one course" requires "thorough examination," which is redundant if there are no other options.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Option Grouping

Application: Start with the most certain pair: "Only one course" (1) matches "Need for planning does not arise" (D). This immediately leads to Option D.

Final Logic: Planning is the art of choice; no choice, no planning.

🧠 Memory Trick

1-D (One is Done): If there is only 1 way, the planning is Done (not needed).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning involves decision making

8 Logically arrange the analytical sequence a manager undergoes to select the best course of action:
1. Choose the most appropriate alternative
2. Presuppose the existence of alternatives
3. Conduct thorough examination
4. Evaluate each alternative's pros and cons

A 2, 4, 3, 1

B 2, 3, 4, 1

C 3, 2, 4, 1

D 4, 3, 2, 1

💡 Short Explanation

Step 1: Realize there are choices (2). Step 2: Look at them deeply (3). Step 3: Weigh the good/bad (4). Step 4: Pick one (1).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The logical flow of decision-making within planning starts with the awareness that multiple paths exist (2). Once identified, the manager conducts a thorough examination of these paths (3). This examination leads to a specific evaluation of the pros and cons (feasibility, profitability) of each (4). Finally, the manager makes the actual choice (1).

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Suggests evaluating pros and cons (4) before a thorough examination (3).
Option C → You cannot examine (3) before you know alternatives exist (2).
Option D → Places the final selection (1) before the start of the process.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Elimination

Application: The "Selection" (1) must always be the final step. All options end in 1. However, evaluation (4) must follow the general examination (3).

Final Logic: Identify → Examine → Evaluate → Select.

🧠 Memory Trick

A-E-E-S: Alternatives → Examine → Evaluate → Select.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning Process

9 An executive has three proposals: Project X (high risk, high return), Project Y (moderate risk, moderate return), and Project Z (low risk, low return). Planning facilitates the decision-making here by helping the executive to:

A Discard all options and wait for certainty

B Execute all three projects simultaneously

C Evaluate each alternative and select the most viable proposition based on risk-return trade-off

D Rely purely on wishful thinking to pick Project X

💡 Short Explanation

Planning involves "Choice." Rationality dictates weighing risk against reward. Viability is the key criterion.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Planning involves evaluating different courses of action. In this scenario, the executive must look at the organizational goals and risk appetite. By evaluating X, Y, and Z against these criteria, planning provides a rational basis to pick the "most viable" one. This is the essence of "Selecting an alternative" in the planning process.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Business always involves some risk; waiting for "certainty" is not a plan but an avoidance of management.
Option B → Resources are limited; executing all might be inefficient and contradictory.
Option D → Planning is a "mental exercise" based on facts, not "wishful thinking."

🎯 Strategy

Used: Dimensional/Unit Analysis

Application: Option C uses management terminology like "Evaluate," "Viable," and "Risk-return trade-off," which aligns with planning principles.

Final Logic: Evaluation of alternatives leads to rational selection.

🧠 Memory Trick

Judge then Justify. (Evaluate then Select).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning involves decision making

10 Assertion (A): Planning is considered a mental exercise rather than guesswork.
Reason (R): Planning requires application of the mind involving foresight, intelligent imagination, and sound judgment based on the analysis of facts.

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C A is true but R is false.

D A is false but R is true.

💡 Short Explanation

Planning is intellectual. It relies on evidence and logic. Foresight is the "mental" tool used.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Assertion (A) is true; planning is a systematic process of thinking. Reason (R) defines exactly what that "mental exercise" involves: using one's brain to analyze data (facts) and imagine the future (foresight/imagination). Since R describes the specific mental activities that make A true, it is the correct explanation.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrect because the list of mental activities in R directly justifies why it is called a "mental exercise."
Option C → Both statements are core tenets of NCERT management theory.
Option D → Assertion A is a fundamental characteristic of planning.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application: The words "Mental Exercise" (A) and "Application of the mind" (R) are synonymous.

Final Logic: Analysis and judgment (R) are the components of the mental exercise (A).

🧠 Memory Trick

Facts + Foresight = Plan.

📚 MCQ Analysis: Questions 11–20

11 Match the facets of the planning time frame (List 1) with their descriptions (List 2):

List 1	List 2
1. Futuristic nature	A. Technique of gathering information to anticipate events
2. Forecasting	B. Implies peeping into the future and predicting it
3. Planning cycle	C. Framing, implementing, and following up with another plan
4. Specific period	D. Time span for which plans are prepared (e.g., month, year)

A 1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B

B 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D

C 1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C

D 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A

💡 Short Explanation

1-B: Futuristic = Peeping into the future. 2-A: Forecasting = Information gathering/anticipation. 3-C: Cycle = Planning → Implementing → Following up. 4-D: Specific period = Month/Year span.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This matching links temporal concepts of planning. "Futuristic" is the forward-looking nature (1-B). "Forecasting" is the technical tool used to predict (2-A). The "Planning Cycle" describes the continuous nature of planning (3-C). "Specific period" defines the time-bound nature of a plan (4-D).

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Options A, C, D → These mismatch the definitions. For example, A suggests "Specific period" matches "peeping into the future," which is incorrect; the period is the length of the plan, not the act of looking ahead.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Option Grouping

Application: Match "Specific period" (4) to "Time span" (D). This leaves only Option B as a possibility.

Final Logic: Plans are for a specific time and involve future predictions.

🧠 Memory Trick

D is for Duration. (4-D).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Features of Planning

12 Statement I: Time is considered an unlimited resource in the planning process.
Statement II: If the time factor is not taken into consideration, conditions in the environment may change and all business plans may go waste.

A Both statements are true.

B Statement I is true, Statement II is false.

C Both statements are false.

D Statement I is false, Statement II is true.

💡 Short Explanation

Time is a "Limited" resource. Delay causes plan obsolescence. Timing is critical for business success.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is false because time is a scarce resource; if a plan takes too long to formulate, the opportunity may be lost. Statement II is true because the business environment is dynamic. If a plan doesn't account for the speed of environmental changes, by the time it is implemented, it might be irrelevant or "wasteful."

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Statement I is logically incorrect in an economic and business sense.
Option B → Suggests Statement II is false, ignoring the reality of the dynamic business environment.
Option C → Statement II is a vital principle of effective planning.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Extreme Word Filter

Application: The word "unlimited" in Statement I is an extreme term that is almost always incorrect in management/economics.

Final Logic: Time is limited; environment is changing.

🧠 Memory Trick

Time waits for no plan. (Time is limited).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Meaning and Time-frame

13 When managers seek to bridge the gap from their present position, which of the following is NOT a logical step they undertake?

A Assessing where the organization currently stands

B Formulating an idea of how to work on a task

C Relying exclusively on past successes without adjusting for new conditions

D Establishing objectives to determine where to go

💡 Short Explanation

Planning requires current assessment. Past success doesn't guarantee future success. Static planning in a dynamic world leads to failure.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Planning is futuristic and requires adjusting to a changing environment. While past experience is useful, "relying exclusively" on it without looking at current or future conditions (Option C) is illogical. A manager must assess the present (A), formulate new ideas (B), and set future goals (D) to bridge the gap.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is the first step in bridging the gap ("where we are").
Option B → This is the "Means" part of the planning definition.
Option D → This is the "End" part of the planning definition ("where we want to go").

🎯 Strategy

Used: Extreme Word Filter

Application: The word "exclusively" in Option C is a red flag, as management requires a balanced view of past, present, and future.

Final Logic: Planning is about the future, not just repeating the past.

🧠 Memory Trick

Adapt or Die. Reliance on the past alone prevents adaptation.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Meaning and Dynamic Environment

14 Company A currently has a 10% market share and wants to reach a 25% market share. To bridge this gap, the sales manager proposes expanding the product range and increasing the advertising budget. The 25% market share represents:

A The present position

B The desired goal or objective

C The alternative choice eliminated

D A futile planning exercise

💡 Short Explanation

10% = Present (Point A). 25% = Target (Point B). Planning connects A to B.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

In the "bridge the gap" analogy of planning, the starting point (10%) is the present position, and the destination (25%) is the desired goal or objective. The expansion and advertising are the "Means" developed to reach this specific "End."

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → 10% is the present position.
Option C → The 25% share is the chosen target, not an eliminated one.
Option D → This is a classic example of a purposeful, goal-oriented planning exercise.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Substitution

Application: In the definition "where we want to go," "25% market share" fits perfectly as the destination.

Final Logic: Destination = Goal.

🧠 Memory Trick

Start at 10, Aim for 25. (25 is the Target).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning focuses on achieving objectives

15 "The scope of planning differs at different levels." If top management sets the overall organizational target, what is the role of middle management analytically?

A To undertake departmental planning aligning with the overall target

B To do day-to-day operational planning for the supervisors

C To discard the overall target and set their independent vision

D To directly control the lowest level workers without departmental plans

💡 Short Explanation

Middle management acts as a link. Departments translate corporate goals into specific tasks. Planning is pervasive but hierarchical.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Planning is pervasive across all levels, but the scope changes. Top management does "Strategic Planning" (Whole organization). Middle management does "Tactical Planning" (Departments like Sales, Finance). Their plans must be "aligned" with the top-level targets to ensure organizational synergy.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → This is the role of Lower Level (Supervisory) management.
Option C → This would cause organizational chaos and a lack of coordination.
Option D → Control must be based on a plan; you cannot have effective control without departmental planning.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Dimensional/Unit Analysis

Application: Match the management level (Middle) with its specific scope (Departmental).

Final Logic: Top = Strategic; Middle = Departmental; Lower = Operational.

🧠 Memory Trick

Middle = Match. (Match top goals to department actions).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning is pervasive

16 Assertion (A): Planning is pervasive and is not the exclusive domain of any one particular department.
Reason (R): Different departments must coordinate their activities, which is served by planning functioning as a basis for integrating efforts.

A A is false but R is true.

B A is true but R is false.

C Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

D Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

💡 Short Explanation

Pervasive = Everywhere. Coordination is the reason for universal planning. Planning is the "Glue" that binds departments.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Assertion (A) is true; planning is required in Sales, Finance, HR, and Production alike. Reason (R) is true and explains why: if only one department planned, others wouldn't know how to synchronize their work. Planning serves as the "basis for coordination," ensuring that everyone is working toward the same organizational objective.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Assertion A is a fundamental textbook characteristic.
Option B → Reason R is a primary "Importance" of planning.
Option C → The need for coordination (R) is exactly why everyone must participate in planning (A).

🎯 Strategy

Used: Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application: Pervasiveness (A) exists to facilitate Integration/Coordination (R).

Final Logic: Coordination is the functional justification for piversiveness.

🧠 Memory Trick

Everyone Plans to Stay in Sync.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning is pervasive

17 Match the planning concepts (List 1) with their execution realities (List 2):

List 1	List 2
1. Intellectual activity	A. Putting the plan into action (e.g., buying machinery)
2. Implementation	B. Result of plans not being acted upon
3. Setting standards	C. Thinking rather than doing
4. Useless plans	D. Prerequisite for controlling

A 1-C, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B

B 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

C 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

D 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

💡 Short Explanation

1-C: Intellectual = Mental thinking. 2-A: Implementation = Physical action. 3-D: Standards = Basis for control. 4-B: Useless = No implementation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This matching identifies the bridge between theory and practice: 1. Intellectual activity is the "Thinking" (1-C). 2. Implementation is the "Action," such as acquiring resources (2-A). 3. Planning provides the standards needed for the controlling function (3-D). 4. If a plan is created but not acted upon, it is wasted effort/useless (4-B).

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Options B, C, D → These mismatch the concepts. For example, B suggests "Useless plans" are "Thinking," which is incorrect; thinking is the essence of planning, not its failure.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Option Grouping

Application: Identify 2-A (Implementation = Action). This narrows the choice to Option A.

Final Logic: Thinking (Plan) must lead to Action (Implement) to avoid Uselessness.

🧠 Memory Trick

Think (1-C) → Do (2-A).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning Process/Features

18 A highly skilled team of executives formulates a comprehensive marketing plan costing significant time and money. However, due to sudden budget cuts, no actions are taken based on the plan. Conceptually, what has this planning exercise become?

A An innovative triumph

B A successful goal-oriented activity

C A futile exercise

D A continuous cycle

💡 Short Explanation

Planning is a means, not an end. No action = No value. Resource consumption without implementation is "futile."

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Planning is performed to achieve objectives. If a plan—no matter how brilliant—is not implemented, it fails to achieve any result. In management terms, this is described as a "futile exercise" because the resources (time, money, intellect) spent on the planning have produced a zero return on investment.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Innovation is only a triumph when it creates value in reality.
Option B → It cannot be "successful" if the goal is not even pursued.
Option D → A cycle requires follow-up and implementation to lead into the next plan; here, the process stopped.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Contextual/Tonal Matching

Application: The phrase "no actions are taken" is the conceptual opposite of a "successful activity."

Final Logic: No Implementation = Futility.

🧠 Memory Trick

All Talk, No Walk. (Plan without action).

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Implementation of the Plan

19 Statement I: "What to do" refers to the ends, i.e., setting objectives and targets.
Statement II: Establishing standards for controlling is completely unrelated to "what to do".

A Both statements are true.

B Statement I is true, Statement II is false.

C Statement I is false, Statement II is true.

D Both statements are false.

💡 Short Explanation

Ends = Objectives (The "What"). Planning provides the standards for Control. "What to do" is the standard for control.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is true; "Ends" are the destinations we want to reach. Statement II is false because the objectives set in the planning stage (the "what to do") are the very standards used in the controlling function. If you don't know "what to do," you have nothing to measure performance against.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Statement II incorrectly disconnects Planning and Control.
Option C → Statement I is a core definition of the planning function.
Option D → Statement I is correct.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Elimination

Application: Knowing that Planning and Control are "inseparable twins" makes Statement II immediately false.

Final Logic: Objectives are both the "Ends" and the "Standards."

🧠 Memory Trick

Ends = Standards.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Planning provides standards for controlling

20 When defining "how to do" a task, arrange the following steps in a logical planning sequence:
1. Implement the selected alternative
2. Evaluate alternative methods of doing the work
3. Identify different ways the task can be performed
4. Select the best method

A 2, 3, 4, 1

B 3, 4, 2, 1

C 1, 2, 3, 4

D 3, 2, 4, 1

💡 Short Explanation

Step 1: Find the ways (3). Step 2: Compare the ways (2). Step 3: Pick the best way (4). Step 4: Do the work (1).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The "Means" (How) part of planning follows a specific sequence: 1. Identify (3): List the different methods available. 2. Evaluate (2): Analyze the efficiency and cost of each method. 3. Select (4): Decide which single method is best. 4. Implement (1): Actually start doing the task using that method.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Evaluation (2) cannot happen before you identify (3) the items to evaluate.
Option B → You cannot select (4) before you evaluate (2).
Option C → Implementation (1) is the result, not the start.

🎯 Strategy

Used: Elimination

Application: Identifying (3) must come before evaluating (2). Only D follows this logical prerequisite.

Final Logic: Discover → Analyze → Decide → Act.

🧠 Memory Trick

I-E-S-I: Identify, Evaluate, Select, Implement.

📚 Class XII – Business Studies – Chapter: Planning – Topic: Steps in Planning Process

CUET UG Business Studies Test 3 Meaning and Concept of Planning

Test Complete!

Answer Review