CUET UG Booster Psychology-Psychological Disorders Unit 4 Test ( D3 ) -

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CUET UG Booster Psychology Psychological Disorders Unit 5 Test ( D 3 )

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Booster Psychology Psychological Disorders Unit 5 Test ( D 3 )

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QUESTION 1 OF 20

Incorrect statement identification: Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding the biological model of abnormal behaviour:

Answer Review

1 Incorrect statement identification: Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding the biological model of abnormal behaviour:

A Psychological disorders are often related to problems in the transmission of messages across synapses.

B Genetic factors are exclusively responsible for depression without any required environmental input.

C Faulty genes and malnutrition can actively interfere with normal human development.

D Correcting defective biological processes can often result in improved functioning.

💡 Short Explanation

Psychological disorders are multi-factorial, not driven by genes alone. Environmental stressors are usually required to trigger biological vulnerabilities. The \"exclusively\" claim ignores the role of psychological and social factors.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement B is incorrect because modern psychology and NCERT emphasize that while genetics play a significant role, they are rarely exclusively responsible for disorders like depression. Most mental health conditions arise from an interaction between biological predispositions and environmental/psychological triggers (as seen in the Diathesis-Stress model). The use of the word \"exclusively\" makes the statement factually inaccurate.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Correct; abnormal behavior is frequently linked to faulty chemical transmission at the synaptic gap.
Option C → Correct; biological research shows that both genetics and physical factors like nutrition impact neurological development.
Option D → Correct; the biological model treats disorders like physical illnesses where biological intervention (like medication) can restore functioning.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The word \"exclusively\" is a red flag in psychology, as most behaviors result from an interaction of multiple factors.

Final Logic: Identify the statement that oversimplifies the cause of a complex disorder.

🧠 Memory Trick

Biology + Environment = Behavior. (Never Biology alone).

2 Match the Following:

List I	List II
1. Schizophrenia	A. Degeneration/deficiency of dopamine
2. Depression	B. Low activity of serotonin
3. Anxiety disorders	C. Low activity of GABA
4. Parkinson’s disease	D. Excess activity of dopamine

A I-D, II-B, III-C, IV-A

B I-C, II-B, III-D, IV-A

C I-D, II-C, III-B, IV-A

D I-A, II-B, III-C, IV-D

💡 Short Explanation

Schizophrenia = High Dopamine. Depression = Low Serotonin. Anxiety = Low GABA. Parkinson\'s = Low Dopamine.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This matches the established biochemical links in psychology: I-D: Schizophrenia is linked to an excess of dopamine activity. II-B: Depression is linked to low activity of serotonin. III-C: Anxiety disorders are linked to low activity of GABA (an inhibitory neurotransmitter). IV-A: Parkinson\'s disease is caused by the deficiency/degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrectly pairs Schizophrenia with GABA.
Option C → Incorrectly pairs Anxiety with Serotonin and Depression with GABA.
Option D → Incorrectly pairs Schizophrenia with Dopamine deficiency (Parkinson\'s).

🎯 Strategy

Application: Identify \"Dopamine\" appearing twice. Recognize that \"Excess\" goes with Schizophrenia and \"Deficiency\" with Parkinson\'s.

Final Logic: Use the distinct pairing of Serotonin-Depression to narrow down the options.

🧠 Memory Trick

S.E.P.D.: Schizophrenia = Excess; Parkinson\'s = Deficiency (Dopamine).

3 Situation-based application: A psychiatric patient is experiencing intense delusions and hallucinations. Biological researchers suggest that chemically reducing the activity of a specific neurotransmitter might alleviate these positive symptoms. Which neurotransmitter is being targeted?

A Serotonin

B GABA

C Dopamine

D Endorphins

💡 Short Explanation

Delusions and hallucinations are \"positive symptoms\" of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is linked to excess Dopamine. Reducing Dopamine activity is the standard pharmacological approach.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The symptoms described (delusions/hallucinations) are characteristic of Schizophrenia. According to the biological model, these symptoms are caused by an excess of dopamine. Therefore, to alleviate these symptoms, medication (antipsychotics) is used to reduce dopamine activity at the receptor sites.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Serotonin is primarily targeted for mood/depression.
Option B → GABA is increased to treat anxiety, not typically used to reduce hallucinations.
Option D → Endorphins are the body\'s natural painkillers and are not primarily linked to Schizophrenia symptoms.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Match \"Hallucinations\" (Schizophrenia) to its biological cause (Dopamine).

Final Logic: Only Dopamine excess is linked to the symptoms provided in the situation.

🧠 Memory Trick

Dopamine = Delusions. (Too much D leads to D).

4 Concept validation (multiple statements): Statement I: Depression is fundamentally linked to an excessive level of dopamine activity in the brain. Statement II: The biological/organismic approach was originally developed by philosopher-physicians like Hippocrates, viewing disturbed behaviour as an imbalance in the body.

A Only Statement I is correct

B Only Statement II is correct

C Both statements are correct

D Neither statement is correct

💡 Short Explanation

Statement I is factually reversed (Depression = Low Serotonin). Hippocrates is the father of the organismic/biological approach. He viewed abnormal behavior as a physical imbalance of \"humours.\"

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is incorrect because depression is linked to low serotonin/norepinephrine, not high dopamine. Statement II is correct; the roots of the biological model are found in Greek medicine (Hippocrates, Galen), which argued that mental disturbances were caused by an imbalance in body fluids (humours).

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Statement I is scientifically false.
Option C → Only one statement is factually accurate.
Option D → Incorrect because Statement II is a valid historical fact in the NCERT text.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Correcting Statement I (Depression $\\rightarrow$ Serotonin) reveals its falsity. Validating the \"Hippocrates\" fact proves Statement II is correct.

Final Logic: Historical fact is correct; modern chemical link in I is swapped.

🧠 Memory Trick

Hippocrates = Body. (The original \"Bio\" guy).

5 Arrange order type MCQ: Place the causal chain of the biological approach regarding genetics in chronological order:
I. The interaction of many different genes combines together.
II. Various complex behaviours and emotional reactions are brought about.
III. Specific faulty genes lead to defective biological transmission across synapses.

A I, III, II

B III, II, I

C I, II, III

D II, I, III

💡 Short Explanation

Step 1: Multiple genes combine (Inheritance/Blueprint). Step 2: This combination causes a defect (Synaptic transmission). Step 3: The defect results in observable behavior (Symptom).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The biological approach assumes that: 1. I: An individual starts with an inherited combination of genes. 2. III: This genetic combination results in defective biological processes, such as problems with neurotransmission at the synapse. 3. II: These biological defects finally manifest as complex behaviours and emotional reactions (abnormal symptoms).

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Places behavior (II) before the genes (I) that cause them.
Option C → Places behavior (II) before the physical defect (III).
Option D → Starts with the result (Behavior) rather than the cause (Genes).

🎯 Strategy

Application: Genetics (I) is always the starting point. Behavior (II) is always the final result. Only Option A fits this flow.

Final Logic: Cause $\\rightarrow$ Mechanism $\\rightarrow$ Result.

🧠 Memory Trick

G.S.B.: Genes $\\rightarrow$ Synapse $\\rightarrow$ Behaviour.

6 Fill in the blank (concept-based): Researchers highlight that in most cases, no ______ is entirely responsible for a particular behaviour; instead, many combine to bring about dysfunctional reactions.

A Pathogenic stressor

B Single gene

C Neurotransmitter

D Synapse

💡 Short Explanation

Behavior is \"polygenic.\" No single gene controls complex human traits or disorders. Combinations of genes interact with the environment.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

In the study of genetics and behavior, researchers have concluded that most psychological disorders are not the result of a single gene. Instead, multiple genes interact together to produce a vulnerability or a trait. This is why it is so difficult to identify a \"cause\" for disorders using only biological screening.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → A single pathogenic stressor can sometimes be identified (like a specific trauma), though usually multiple exist.
Option C → A single neurotransmitter imbalance (like Dopamine) is often cited as a primary factor, even if others are involved.
Option D → A synapse is a physical space, not a causal unit of inheritance.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The phrase \"many combine to bring about\" is the classic description of polygenic (multi-gene) inheritance.

Final Logic: Match \"Many\" with the negation of \"Single gene.\"

🧠 Memory Trick

One gene = Never enough.

7 Statement-based correct option: Maternal deprivation... is classified as what specific kind of factor causing abnormal behaviour?

A A strictly biological/genetic factor

B A sociocultural factor

C A psychological and interpersonal factor

D An existential factor

💡 Short Explanation

Maternal deprivation is an early childhood experience. It involves the relationship between two people (Mother-Child). \"Interpersonal\" literally means \"between persons.\"

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Maternal deprivation (separation from or lack of warmth from the mother) is a psychological factor because it impacts the child\'s internal emotional development. It is also an interpersonal factor because it occurs within the context of a primary social relationship. NCERT categorizes family dynamics and early childhood experiences under this heading.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → It is an environmental experience, not a genetic trait.
Option B → While social, \"Sociocultural\" usually refers to broader factors like poverty, labels, or social change.
Option D → Existential factors deal with the adult search for meaning and freedom.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Breakdown the event. Relationship = Interpersonal. Mental impact = Psychological.

Final Logic: Match the relationship-based cause to the interpersonal category.

🧠 Memory Trick

Mother = Interpersonal.

8 Situation-based application: A child develops highly abnormal behavior due to severe faulty discipline... Which theoretical model specifically focuses on these psychological and interpersonal factors?

A The biological model

B The psychodynamic model

C The psychological models

D The humanistic-existential model

💡 Short Explanation

The question asks for the broad category. \"Psychological models\" include psychodynamic, behavioral, and cognitive. These models all share a focus on the mind and interpersonal relations.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

NCERT groups several theories (Psychodynamic, Behavioural, Cognitive, and Humanistic) under the broad umbrella of Psychological Models. These models collectively focus on how internal mental processes, learning history, and interpersonal relationships (like parenting and discipline) shape behavior, as opposed to biological or societal factors.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Focuses on brain chemistry and genes.
Option B → Is a subset of psychological models, but Option C is the general category name used in the text for these factors.
Option D → Is also a subset focusing on growth and meaning.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The term \"Psychological Models\" is used in NCERT to contrast with the \"Biological Model.\"

Final Logic: Select the broader category that encompasses parenting and discipline factors.

🧠 Memory Trick

Parents = Psychology.

9 Sequence (process-based): Arrange Freud\'s dynamic components of personality development as they interact to shape behaviour:
I. Moral standards (superego) are incorporated.
II. Instinctual needs, drives, and impulses (id) exist internally.
III. Rational thinking (ego) emerges to manage needs.

A II, III, I

B I, II, III

C III, II, I

D II, I, III

💡 Short Explanation

Id is present at birth (Needs). Ego develops in early childhood (Reason). Superego develops last (Morality).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to Freud: 1. Id (II): We are born with instinctual needs and the pleasure principle. 2. Ego (III): As we interact with reality, the ego develops to satisfy the Id\'s needs rationally. 3. Superego (I): Finally, we internalize the moral standards of parents and society, creating the superego. This II-III-I sequence follows the developmental chronology of the personality structure.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Suggests we are born with a conscience (Superego) before having basic needs (Id).
Option C → Suggests rational thinking (Ego) exists before instinctual drives (Id).
Option D → Puts the Superego before the development of the Ego.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The Id is always the most primitive/starting point. The Superego is the most advanced/final point.

Final Logic: Follow the developmental timeline: Instinct $\\rightarrow$ Reason $\\rightarrow$ Morality.

🧠 Memory Trick

I.E.S.: Id Ego Superego.

10 Fill in the blank (concept-based): According to Freud, the ______ is driven by instinctual needs, drives, and impulses...

A Id

B Ego

C Superego

D Diathesis

💡 Short Explanation

The Id is the reservoir of psychic energy. It works on the \"Pleasure Principle.\" It is entirely unconscious.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Freud defined the Id as the part of the personality that contains all our instinctual needs and impulses. It seeks immediate gratification. When these primitive drives conflict with reality or morality and are repressed, they can lead to abnormal symptoms as a form of symbolic release.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → The Ego is driven by rational thinking and reality.
Option C → The Superego is driven by morality and perfection.
Option D → Diathesis is a term from the Diathesis-Stress model, not Freudian theory.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Match the keyword \"Instinctual needs\" with its Freudian label \"Id.\"

Final Logic: Standard definition of the first component of Freud\'s tripartite personality.

🧠 Memory Trick

Id = It. (The raw, animalistic \"it\" inside you).

11 Concept validation (multiple statements): Statement I: Classical conditioning involves learning through temporal association where two events repeatedly occur close together in time. Statement II: Operant conditioning primarily involves learning by imitating others\' behaviour.

A Only Statement I is correct

B Only Statement II is correct

C Both statements are correct

D Neither statement is correct

💡 Short Explanation

Classical conditioning = Association in time (Pavlov). Operant conditioning = Rewards/Punishments (Skinner). Learning by imitating = Social Learning (Bandura).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is correct; classical conditioning relies on temporal association (e.g., pairing a bell with food). Statement II is incorrect because operant conditioning is about learning through consequences (rewards/punishment). Learning by \"imitating\" others is actually the definition of Social Learning.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Statement II incorrectly defines operant conditioning.
Option C → Both cannot be correct because Statement II is factually flawed.
Option D → Statement I is a perfectly accurate psychological definition.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Replace \"imitating\" with \"consequences\" in Statement II to make it correct. Since the original uses \"imitating,\" it must be wrong.

Final Logic: Classical = Association; Operant = Reward; Social = Imitation.

🧠 Memory Trick

Class-Time: Classical = Temporal (Time) association.

12 Match the Following:

List I	List II
1. Classical Conditioning	A. Imitating others
2. Operant Conditioning	B. Reward or punishment
3. Social Learning	C. Temporal association
4. Observational Learning	D. Watching and modelling

A 1-C, 2-B, 3-A, 4-D

B 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D

C 1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D

D 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

💡 Short Explanation

Classical = Paired events (C). Operant = Consequences (B). Social = Imitation (A). Observational = Watching/Modelling (D).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This matches the fundamental types of learning in the behavioural model: 1-C: Classical conditioning is learning via temporal association. 2-B: Operant conditioning is learning via rewards/punishments. 3-A: Social learning is specifically about imitating others. 4-D: Observational learning is broader, involving watching and modelling.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Swaps the definitions of Classical and Operant.
Option C → Swaps Social and Operant definitions.
Option D → Swaps Classical and Social definitions.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Identify the \"Reward\" keyword and link it to Operant (2-B). Only Option A fits this and the Classical (1-C) link.

Final Logic: Standard behavioral learning pairings.

🧠 Memory Trick

C.A.O.R.S.I.: Classical-Association, Operant-Reward, Social-Imitation.

13 According to the passage, what is a primary source of abnormal functioning in the cognitive model?

A Overinvolvement in enmeshed family structures

B Holding irrational and inaccurate assumptions about oneself

C An excess activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine

D Total avoidance of existential responsibility

💡 Short Explanation

Cognitive model = Thinking problems. \"Irrational assumptions\" are the core of this model. These thoughts distort how a person sees themselves and the world.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The passage explicitly states that the cognitive model focuses on how abnormal functioning results from cognitive problems. Specifically, it mentions that people hold assumptions and attitudes about themselves that are irrational and inaccurate. This internal \"faulty thinking\" is what leads to the disorder.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is a Socio-cultural factor.
Option C → This is a Biological factor.
Option D → This is an Existentialist factor.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Match the keyword \"Cognitive\" with the options related to \"Thinking\" or \"Assumptions.\"

Final Logic: Direct textual support from the passage.

🧠 Memory Trick

Cognitive = Thinking. (B is the only thinking-based option).

14 The passage explicitly defines \'overgeneralisations\' as:

A Imitating the behaviour of others constantly.

B Drawing broad, negative conclusions based on a single insignificant event.

C Failing to develop rational thinking (ego).

D Experiencing severe delusions of grandeur.

💡 Short Explanation

Overgeneralization = Taking one small thing and applying it to everything. \"Over\" (too much) + \"General\" (applying widely). It is a specific cognitive error mentioned in the text.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the passage, overgeneralisation is a type of illogical thinking. The text provides the exact definition: \"they may draw broad, negative conclusions on the basis of a single insignificant event.\" For example, failing one task leads the person to think they are a failure in all aspects of life.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is Social Learning.
Option C → This is related to the Psychodynamic (Freudian) model.
Option D → This is a symptom of Schizophrenia (Biological/Socio-cultural).

🎯 Strategy

Application: Locate the word \"Overgeneralisations\" in the text and read the immediate follow-up phrase starting with \"that is...\".

Final Logic: Direct textual definition.

🧠 Memory Trick

One All. (The jump from a single event to a broad conclusion).

15 Sequence (process-based): Arrange the humanistic view of human development and motivation:
I. Humans are born with a natural tendency to be friendly and cooperative.
II. Humans are driven to self-actualise.
III. Humans fulfil their potential for goodness and growth.

A I, II, III

B III, II, I

C II, I, III

D I, III, II

💡 Short Explanation

Step 1: Human nature at birth (Friendly/Cooperative). Step 2: The lifelong drive (Self-actualize). Step 3: The result/outcome (Fulfilling potential).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The humanistic perspective follows this developmental path: 1. I: Humans are born inherently good, friendly, and cooperative. 2. II: Because of this nature, they are naturally driven to self-actualise (to grow and improve). 3. III: The end goal of this drive is for humans to fulfil their potential for goodness and growth.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Reverses the process, putting the end goal first.
Option C → Suggests the drive exists before the fundamental nature.
Option D → Puts the outcome before the drive that achieves it.

🎯 Strategy

Application: \"Born with\" (I) must be the first step. \"Fulfil potential\" (III) is the conclusion.

Final Logic: Birth $\\rightarrow$ Drive $\\rightarrow$ Fulfillment.

🧠 Memory Trick

B.D.F.: Born good $\\rightarrow$ Driven to grow $\\rightarrow$ Fulfilled.

16 Incorrect statement identification: Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding the humanistic-existential model:

A Existentialists believe we have total freedom to give meaning to our existence.

B Shirking existential responsibility leads to an authentic, highly functional life.

C Humanists believe human beings naturally tend to be constructive.

D The model focuses heavily on broader aspects of human existence.

💡 Short Explanation

Shirking responsibility = Avoiding choice. Avoiding choice = Inauthentic/dysfunctional life. Authentic life requires accepting responsibility.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement B is incorrect because existentialists argue the exact opposite: shirking (avoiding) responsibility for one\'s choices leads to a life that is empty, inauthentic, and dysfunctional. To live an authentic and highly functional life, one must accept the freedom and responsibility that comes with being human.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Correct; this is the core tenet of Existentialism.
Option C → Correct; this is the core tenet of Humanism.
Option D → Correct; unlike models that focus on specific habits or chemicals, this model looks at the \"meaning of life\" (broader existence).

🎯 Strategy

Application: Options A, C, and D are standard positive humanistic-existential claims. Option B contains a logical contradiction (shirking lead to authentic).

Final Logic: Shirking responsibility is the cause of dysfunction, not health.

🧠 Memory Trick

Responsible = Authentic.

17 Statement-based correct option: How do societal labels heavily contribute to abnormal functioning according to the socio-cultural model?

A They permanently alter a person\'s genetic and biochemical makeup.

B They cause the person to be viewed as crazy, encouraging them to accept and play the \'sick role\'.

C They lead directly to increased dopamine production.

D They organically resolve unconscious psychological conflicts.

💡 Short Explanation

Labels create expectations. Society treats the \"labeled\" person differently. The person eventually lives up to the label (Self-fulfilling prophecy).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the socio-cultural model, labeling is a powerful force. When a person is labeled \"deviant\" or \"crazy,\" society treats them as if they are fundamentally different. This pressure often causes the individual to internalize the label and accept and play the \'sick role\', which actually reinforces and stabilizes the abnormal behavior.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Labels are social; they do not change DNA or basic biological \"makeup.\"
Option C → There is no direct causal link between a social label and dopamine production in this model.
Option D → Labels usually worsen or create conflicts, not resolve them.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Match \"Societal labels\" (Social) with the \"Sick role\" (Social role).

Final Logic: Only Option B addresses the social mechanism of labeling.

🧠 Memory Trick

Label = Role.

18 Situation-based application: A student acts out once... society assigns the label \'deviant\'... student internalizes this and acts sick... Which model best explains this?

A The cognitive model

B The socio-cultural model

C The behavioural model

D The psychodynamic model

💡 Short Explanation

Key words: \"Society,\" \"Label,\" \"Internalize,\" \"Role.\" This is a \"top-down\" influence (Society $\\rightarrow$ Individual). The focus is on social interaction and norms.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This situation describes the socio-cultural model\'s theory on labeling. The student\'s behavior is explained not by internal chemistry or childhood trauma, but by the reaction of society to their initial act. The focus on how societal labels and assigned roles shape functioning is the defining feature of this model.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Focuses on the student\'s internal thoughts, not the external label.
Option C → Focuses on rewards/punishments for the acting out.
Option D → Focuses on unconscious drives.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Identifying the cause as \"Society.\" This immediately points to the Socio-cultural model.

Final Logic: Match the level of analysis (Societal) to the model name.

🧠 Memory Trick

Society\'s Label = Socio-cultural.

19 Concept validation (multiple statements): Statement I: Diathesis specifically refers to the presence of pathogenic stressors in the environment. Statement II: Vulnerability in the diathesis-stress model means the person is \'at risk\' or \'predisposed\' to develop the disorder.

A Only Statement I is correct

B Only Statement II is correct

C Both statements are correct

D Neither statement is correct

💡 Short Explanation

Statement I is false; \"Stress\" refers to stressors, \"Diathesis\" refers to the internal predisposition. Statement II is true; vulnerability is the pre-existing risk level. The model requires both a \"loaded gun\" (diathesis) and a \"trigger\" (stress).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is incorrect because Diathesis refers to the biological predisposition or internal vulnerability (like genes), not the external environment. Statement II is correct; the presence of a diathesis makes a person \'at risk\' or predisposed, which is exactly what \"vulnerability\" means in this model.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Statement I provides the definition for \"Stress,\" not \"Diathesis.\"
Option C → Only the second statement is factually accurate.
Option D → Statement II is a standard definition in the model.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Swap the word \"Diathesis\" in Statement I with \"Stress.\" Now it\'s correct. Since the original didn\'t use it, it\'s wrong.

Final Logic: Match the technical term to its correct definition.

🧠 Memory Trick

Diathesis = Internal. Stress = External.

20 Fill in the blank (concept-based): The interactional bio-psycho-social approach... states that an inherited predisposition strictly evolves into a full disorder only when it is set off by a ______ situation.

A Joyful

B Stressful

C Rational

D Subconscious

💡 Short Explanation

The model is literally named \"Diathesis-Stress.\" Predisposition (Biology) + Stress (Environment) = Disorder. Without the stressful trigger, the disorder may remain dormant.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Diathesis-stress model (an interactional approach) posits that having a biological risk is not enough. The disorder only manifests when that predisposition is \"set off\" by a stressful situation or environment (pathogenic stressors). Therefore, \"Stressful\" is the missing component that activates the vulnerability.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Joyful situations typically reduce the risk of a disorder manifesting.
Option C → \"Rational\" is a cognitive term, not a situational trigger in this model.
Option D → \"Subconscious\" is a psychodynamic term, not a type of situation.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The model name itself (Diathesis-Stress) provides the answer.

Final Logic: Match the name of the model to the missing keyword.

🧠 Memory Trick

Vulnerability + Stress = Disorder.

CUET UG Booster Psychology Psychological Disorders Unit 5 Test ( D 3 )

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