CUET UG Booster Phychology Therapeutic Approaches Unit 5 Test ( D 4 ) -

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CUET UG Booster Phychology Therapeutic Approaches Unit 5 Test ( D 4 )

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Booster Phychology Therapeutic Approaches Unit 5 Test ( D 4 )

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QUESTION 1 OF 20

Based on the passage, what defines the nature of the irrational beliefs that mediate between events and consequences?

Answer Review

1 Based on the passage, what defines the nature of the irrational beliefs that mediate between events and consequences?

A They are well-supported by empirical evidence in the environment.

B They are based strictly on objective observations of the antecedent.

C They are characterized by rigid, absolute terms like 'musts' and 'shoulds'.

D They lead directly to positive growth and self-actualisation.

💡 Short Explanation

RET identifies rigid thinking patterns. ��Musts” and “shoulds” create irrational beliefs. Absolute thinking causes emotional distress.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to Albert Ellis’s RET, irrational beliefs are rigid and unrealistic thoughts expressed through “musts” and “shoulds.”

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Irrational beliefs are not evidence-based.
Option B → They distort objective reality.
Option D → They create distress, not self-actualisation.

🎯 Strategy

Passage Interpretation

Application:

�� Identify the defining characteristic of irrational beliefs.

Final Logic:

�� Rigid thinking patterns define irrational beliefs.

🧠 Memory Trick

Based Questions (1-2) Passage: "Albert Ellis formulated the Rational Emotive Therapy (RET). The central thesis of this therapy is that irrational beliefs mediate between the antecedent events and their consequences. The first step in RET is the antecedent-belief-consequence (ABC) analysis... These beliefs are characterised by thoughts with ‘musts’ and ‘shoulds’, i.e. things ‘must’ and ‘should’ be in a particular manner."

2 According to the RET ABC analysis framework presented in the passage, what is the direct cause of the negative psychological consequence?

A The antecedent event itself

B The objective reality of the environment

C The irrational belief mediating the event

D The client's lack of a spiritual unconscious

💡 Short Explanation

Events do not directly create distress. Beliefs interpret events. Irrational beliefs produce consequences.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

RET states that emotional consequences arise because irrational beliefs distort the interpretation of antecedent events.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Events alone do not determine emotions.
Option B → Reality is filtered through beliefs.
Option D → Spiritual unconscious relates to existential approaches.

🎯 Strategy

ABC Model Analysis

Application:

�� Identify the “B” component causing distress.

Final Logic:

�� Beliefs create emotional consequences.

🧠 Memory Trick

Belief causes consequence.

3 Which statement is incorrect regarding the application of learning theory in behaviour therapy?

A It is a single, unified theory applied identically irrespective of the clinical diagnosis.

B The symptoms and clinical diagnosis guide the selection of specific techniques.

C Treatment of phobias requires different techniques compared to treating anger outbursts.

D It relies heavily on establishing antecedent and consequent operations.

💡 Short Explanation

Behaviour therapy is individualized. Different disorders require different methods. Treatment depends on symptoms.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Behaviour therapy selects techniques according to the client’s symptoms and diagnosis rather than applying one identical method to every disorder.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Technique selection depends on diagnosis.
Option C → Different disorders need different interventions.
Option D → Antecedent and consequent operations are important.

🎯 Strategy

Odd One Out

Application:

�� Identify the inaccurate description of behaviour therapy.

Final Logic:

�� Behaviour therapy is flexible, not uniform.

🧠 Memory Trick

Different problems need different techniques.

4 Validate the following concepts about the treatment of faulty behaviour:
Statement 1: The past is deeply activated and relived in order to cure faulty behaviour.
Statement 2: Faulty behaviours are identified through structured behavioural analysis.
Statement 3: The aim of treatment is to extinguish them and substitute with adaptive patterns.

A Statements 1 and 2 are correct

B Statements 2 and 3 are correct

C Statements 1 and 3 are correct

D All statements are correct

💡 Short Explanation

Behaviour therapy identifies maladaptive patterns. Treatment replaces faulty behaviour. Reliving the past belongs to psychoanalysis.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Behaviour therapy uses behavioural analysis to identify maladaptive patterns and replace them with adaptive behaviour. Reliving past trauma is not its primary method.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Statement 1 belongs to psychodynamic approaches.
Other options incorrectly include Statement 1.

🎯 Strategy

Concept Validation

Application:

�� Differentiate behaviour therapy from psychoanalysis.

Final Logic:

�� Behaviour therapy focuses on present learning patterns.

🧠 Memory Trick

Replace faulty behaviour with adaptive behaviour.

5 Establishing operations can effectively control malfunctioning behaviour by increasing or decreasing the ________ value of a particular consequence.

A Reinforcing

B Aversive

C Antecedent

D Vicarious

💡 Short Explanation

Establishing operations alter motivation. Reinforcing value affects behaviour frequency. Consequences influence future responses.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Establishing operations modify the reinforcing value of consequences, thereby affecting behaviour.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Aversive refers to unpleasant stimuli.
Option C → Antecedents occur before behaviour.
Option D → Vicarious relates to observational learning.

🎯 Strategy

Definition Recognition

Application:

�� Identify the behavioural concept linked with motivation.

Final Logic:

�� Reinforcing value controls behaviour.

🧠 Memory Trick

Reinforcement strengthens behaviour.

6 Match the Following:

1	Changing the quantity of food before dinner — A. Malfunctioning behaviour
2	Praising the child after eating — B. Antecedent operation
3	Giving trouble while eating dinner — C. Consequent operation
4	Ignoring tantrums during meals — D. Extinction of undesirable behaviour

A 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D

B 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

C 1-C, 2-B, 3-A, 4-D

D 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D

💡 Short Explanation

Antecedents occur before behaviour. Praise acts as a consequence. Ignoring tantrums weakens behaviour.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Changing food quantity is an antecedent operation, praise is a consequent operation, troublesome eating is the malfunctioning behaviour, and ignoring tantrums helps extinguish undesirable behaviour.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Other options mismatch behavioural concepts and examples.

🎯 Strategy

Option Grouping

Application:

�� Match therapeutic actions with behavioural principles.

Final Logic:

�� Correct behaviour-concept pairing determines the answer.

🧠 Memory Trick

Before, after, problem, extinction.

7 A patient constantly avoids social gatherings because escaping the event prevents them from experiencing severe panic attacks. In behavioural terms, this avoidance behaviour is maintained by ________.

A Positive reinforcement

B Token economy

C Negative reinforcement

D Modelling

💡 Short Explanation

Escaping anxiety strengthens avoidance. Relief reinforces behaviour. Removal of discomfort increases action.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Avoidance behaviour continues because it removes the unpleasant experience of panic, which is an example of negative reinforcement.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Positive reinforcement adds rewards.
Option B → Token economy uses symbolic rewards.
Option D → Modelling involves imitation.

🎯 Strategy

Behavioural Principle Analysis

Application:

�� Identify the reinforcement maintaining avoidance.

Final Logic:

�� Escaping discomfort reinforces avoidance.

🧠 Memory Trick

Relief strengthens avoidance.

8 Which statement accurately outlines the principle of differential reinforcement used to alter behaviour?

A Giving a mild electric shock whenever an unwanted behaviour occurs.

B Positively reinforcing the wanted behaviour while simultaneously negatively reinforcing or ignoring the unwanted behaviour.

C Providing a token for every single behaviour the client performs, regardless of outcome.

D Systematically desensitizing the client to the fear of reinforcement.

💡 Short Explanation

Desired behaviour is rewarded. Undesired behaviour is ignored or reduced. Reinforcement changes behaviour gradually.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Differential reinforcement strengthens adaptive behaviour while reducing or ignoring maladaptive behaviour.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Electric shock relates to aversive conditioning.
Option C → Rewards are not given indiscriminately.
Option D → Desensitisation treats anxiety, not reinforcement.

🎯 Strategy

Conceptual Matching

Application:

�� Identify the principle of differential reinforcement.

Final Logic:

�� Reward desired behaviour selectively.

🧠 Memory Trick

Reward good, ignore bad.

9 Arrange the hierarchy of elements formulated during a complex behaviour assessment process:
I. Identifying the underlying antecedent factors
II. Assessing the client's clinical symptoms and distress
III. Discovering the maintaining factors ensuring persistence
IV. Defining the specific malfunctioning behaviour

A II, IV, I, III

B I, II, III, IV

C IV, I, III, II

D II, I, IV, III

💡 Short Explanation

Symptoms are assessed first. Maladaptive behaviour is identified next. Antecedents and maintaining factors follow.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Behaviour assessment begins with evaluating distress, then identifying maladaptive behaviour, followed by antecedent and maintaining factors.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Symptoms are evaluated first.
Option C → Distress assessment must come earlier.
Option D → Behaviour identification precedes antecedent analysis.

🎯 Strategy

Sequence Analysis

Application:

�� Follow the assessment hierarchy logically.

Final Logic:

�� Assess → Identify → Analyze triggers → Analyze maintenance.

🧠 Memory Trick

Distress, behaviour, trigger, persistence.

10 Sequence the behavioural intervention process for a client:
1. Establish appropriate antecedent and consequent operations
2. Extinguish the identified faulty behaviours
3. Conduct an in-depth behavioural analysis
4. Substitute the extinguished behaviours with adaptive patterns

A 3, 1, 2, 4

B 1, 3, 4, 2

C 3, 2, 1, 4

D 1, 2, 3, 4

💡 Short Explanation

Behaviour analysis comes first. Behaviour operations are established next. Faulty behaviours are extinguished before replacement.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Behaviour therapy first conducts behavioural analysis, establishes behaviour-modification operations, extinguishes maladaptive behaviour, and finally substitutes adaptive behaviour.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Analysis precedes intervention.
Option C → Operations are established before extinction.
Option D → Assessment must come first.

🎯 Strategy

Sequence Analysis

Application:

�� Follow the behavioural intervention process.

Final Logic:

�� Analyze → Modify → Extinguish → Replace.

🧠 Memory Trick

Study, control, remove, replace.

11 Consider the following statements regarding positive reinforcement:
Statement I: Positive reinforcement is used to increase adaptive behaviours that occur infrequently.
Statement II: A favourite dish can function as a positive reinforcer.
Statement III: Positive reinforcement is always less effective than aversive conditioning.

A Statements I and II are correct

B Statements II and III are correct

C Statements I and III are correct

D All statements are correct

💡 Short Explanation

�� Positive reinforcement strengthens desirable behaviour. �� Rewards can serve as reinforcers. �� It is not inherently less effective than aversive conditioning.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is correct because positive reinforcement is used to increase adaptive behaviours that occur infrequently. → Statement II is correct because rewards such as a favourite dish, praise, privileges, or tokens can function as positive reinforcers. → Statement III is incorrect because behavioural effectiveness depends on context; positive reinforcement is often preferred due to fewer negative side effects and is not always less effective than aversive conditioning. → Therefore, only Statements I and II are correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Statement III is incorrect.
�� Option C → Statement III is incorrect.
�� Option D → All statements are not correct because Statement III is false.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Evaluate each statement separately and eliminate options containing Statement III.

Final Logic:

�� Reinforcement Increases Behaviour; "Always" Makes Statement III Wrong.

🧠 Memory Trick

Reward = Repeat.

12 Identify the incorrect statement regarding negative reinforcement.

A It involves escaping or avoiding painful stimuli.

B It decreases the likelihood of adaptive responses occurring.

C Wearing warm clothes during winter can involve negative reinforcement.

D It differs conceptually from positive reinforcement.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Negative reinforcement increases behaviour. �� It involves removal of unpleasant stimuli. �� It is different from punishment.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Negative reinforcement occurs when a behaviour increases because it helps remove or avoid an unpleasant condition. → Wearing warm clothes removes discomfort from cold weather, making the behaviour more likely to occur. → Therefore, negative reinforcement increases adaptive responses rather than decreasing them. → Hence, Option B is the incorrect statement.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Correct; avoidance of unpleasant stimuli is central to negative reinforcement.
�� Option C → Correct example of negative reinforcement.
�� Option D → Positive and negative reinforcement differ in how reinforcement is delivered.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Identify the statement that incorrectly describes the outcome of reinforcement.

Final Logic:

�� Reinforcement Always Increases Behaviour.

🧠 Memory Trick

Negative ≠ Punishment.

13 Match the behavioural concept with its corresponding definition:

List I	List II
1. Aversive conditioning	A. Learning through observation
2. Reciprocal inhibition	B. Opposing emotional states inhibit each other
3. Vicarious learning	C. Pairing a stimulus with an unpleasant response

A 1-C, 2-B, 3-A

B 1-B, 2-C, 3-A

C 1-A, 2-B, 3-C

D 1-C, 2-A, 3-B

💡 Short Explanation

�� Aversive conditioning uses unpleasant consequences. �� Reciprocal inhibition involves incompatible emotional states. �� Vicarious learning occurs through observation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Aversive conditioning pairs a stimulus with an unpleasant response (1-C). → Reciprocal inhibition states that opposing emotional states cannot occur strongly at the same time (2-B). → Vicarious learning occurs through observing others (3-A). → Thus, the correct matching is 1-C, 2-B, 3-A.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Incorrectly swaps aversive conditioning and reciprocal inhibition.
�� Option C → Incorrectly assigns observation to aversive conditioning.
�� Option D → Incorrectly matches reciprocal inhibition.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Match each concept with its defining principle.

Final Logic:

�� Aversive–Unpleasant, Reciprocal–Opposite Emotions, Vicarious–Observe.

🧠 Memory Trick

A-U, R-O, V-O (Aversive–Unpleasant, Reciprocal–Opposites, Vicarious–Observe).

14 A token economy system, where rewards are exchanged after desired behaviour occurs, is mainly based on the principles of:

A Classical conditioning

B Operant conditioning

C Existential analysis

D Humanistic therapy

💡 Short Explanation

�� Token economy uses rewards. �� Rewards strengthen behaviour. �� This is a principle of operant conditioning.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Token economy involves giving tokens for desired behaviours. → These tokens can later be exchanged for rewards. → The technique is based on Skinner's operant conditioning, where consequences influence future behaviour. → Therefore, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Classical conditioning focuses on stimulus associations.
�� Option C → Existential analysis focuses on meaning and existence.
�� Option D → Humanistic therapy emphasizes growth and self-acceptance.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Connect rewards and reinforcement with operant conditioning.

Final Logic:

�� Tokens = Reinforcement = Operant Conditioning.

🧠 Memory Trick

Token = Skinner.

15 A client with severe fear of spiders is gradually exposed to spider-related situations while remaining relaxed. This technique is based on the principle of:

A Reciprocal inhibition

B Aversive conditioning

C Cognitive distortion

D Negative punishment

💡 Short Explanation

�� Relaxation and anxiety are incompatible. �� Exposure occurs gradually. �� Core principle is reciprocal inhibition.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This describes systematic desensitisation developed by Wolpe. → The client learns relaxation and is gradually exposed to feared stimuli. → Anxiety and relaxation are opposing emotional states. → Therefore, reciprocal inhibition forms the theoretical basis.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Uses unpleasant consequences.
�� Option C → Refers to faulty thinking patterns.
�� Option D → Involves removing rewards after behaviour.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Identify the principle underlying systematic desensitisation.

Final Logic:

�� Relaxation Blocks Anxiety.

🧠 Memory Trick

Relax > Fear.

16 Arrange the stages involved in modelling therapy in the correct sequence:
I. Therapist acts as a role model
II. Client observes the behaviour
III. Therapist rewards small behavioural changes
IV. Client gradually acquires the behaviour

A II, I, IV, III

B I, II, III, IV

C III, I, II, IV

D I, III, II, IV

💡 Short Explanation

�� Therapist demonstrates behaviour. �� Client observes. �� Reinforcement encourages progress. �� Behaviour is gradually learned.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

In modelling, the therapist first acts as a role model (I). → The client observes the desired behaviour (II). → Small improvements are reinforced (III). → The client gradually acquires the behaviour (IV). → Thus, the correct sequence is I → II → III → IV.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Observation cannot precede demonstration.
�� Option C → Reinforcement cannot occur before modelling.
�� Option D → Reinforcement generally follows observation.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Follow the natural sequence of observational learning.

Final Logic:

�� Model → Observe → Reward → Learn.

🧠 Memory Trick

M-O-R-L.

17 Progressive muscular relaxation is primarily used to reduce the client’s:

A Irrational beliefs

B Spiritual anxiety

C Physiological arousal level

D Cognitive schemas

💡 Short Explanation

�� PMR targets bodily tension. �� Reduces physiological activation. �� Useful in anxiety treatment.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Progressive muscular relaxation involves systematically tensing and relaxing muscle groups. → This lowers physiological arousal and bodily tension associated with stress and anxiety. → Therefore, Option C is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Irrational beliefs are addressed by cognitive therapy.
�� Option B → Spiritual anxiety is addressed in existential approaches.
�� Option D → Schemas are addressed by cognitive therapies.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Match PMR with biological symptoms.

Final Logic:

�� Muscle Relaxation → Lower Arousal.

🧠 Memory Trick

PMR = Physical Calm.

18 Arrange the stages involved in Vipasana meditation for emotional regulation:
I. Prevention of cognitive biases during stimulus processing
II. Improved processing of emotional stimuli
III. Passively observing thoughts and bodily sensations

A I, II, III

B III, II, I

C II, I, III

D I, III, II

💡 Short Explanation

�� Observation comes first. �� Emotional processing improves. �� Cognitive biases reduce.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Vipasana meditation begins with mindful observation of thoughts and bodily sensations (I). → This improves emotional processing (II). → Better emotional processing helps prevent cognitive biases in interpreting stimuli (III). → Hence, the sequence is III→ II → I.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Reverses the natural sequence.
�� Option C → Processing improvement follows observation.
�� Option D → Bias reduction occurs after improved processing.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Follow the causal progression described in NCERT.

Final Logic:

�� Observe → Process → Prevent Bias.

🧠 Memory Trick

Observe → Understand → Balance.

19 Consider the following statements regarding Aaron Beck’s cognitive theory:
Statement 1: Core schemas are developed by childhood experiences.
Statement 2: Dysfunctional cognitive structures distort reality in a positive manner.
Statement 3: Negative automatic thoughts are persistent irrational thoughts.
Statement I: Childhood experiences contribute to the development of core schemas.
Statement II: Dysfunctional cognitive structures distort reality negatively.
Statement III: Negative automatic thoughts are repetitive irrational thoughts.

A Statements I and II are correct

B Statements II and III are correct

C Statements I and III are correct

D Statements I, II, and III are correct

💡 Short Explanation

�� Childhood experiences shape schemas. �� Schemas influence perception. �� Negative thoughts arise automatically.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Childhood experiences contribute to the formation of core schemas (Statement I). → Dysfunctional schemas produce distorted interpretations of reality (Statement II). → These distortions often manifest as repetitive negative automatic thoughts (Statement III). → Therefore, all three statements are correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Omits Statement III.
�� Option B → Omits Statement I.
�� Option D→ Omits Statement II.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Verify each statement independently against Beck's model.

Final Logic:

�� Schemas → Distortions → Automatic Thoughts.

🧠 Memory Trick

Childhood → Schema → Thought.

20 A therapist treats panic attacks using relaxation techniques for biological symptoms, cognitive restructuring for irrational thoughts, and environmental manipulation for social stressors. This integrated approach represents:

A Psychoanalysis

B Gestalt therapy

C Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)

D Logotherapy

💡 Short Explanation

�� CBT follows a bio-psychosocial framework. �� Multiple factors are addressed together. �� Biological, cognitive, and social interventions are integrated.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

CBT addresses biological factors through relaxation techniques. → Psychological factors are addressed through cognitive restructuring. → Social and environmental stressors are managed through environmental interventions. → This integrated bio-psychosocial treatment model is characteristic of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. → Therefore, Option C is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Psychoanalysis focuses on unconscious conflicts.
�� Option B → Gestalt therapy emphasizes awareness and present experience.
�� Option D → Logotherapy focuses on meaning in life.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

�� Match the integrated treatment description to the therapy model.

Final Logic:

�� Biological + Psychological + Social = CBT.

🧠 Memory Trick

CBT = Bio + Psycho + Social.

CUET UG Booster Phychology Therapeutic Approaches Unit 5 Test ( D 4 )

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