CUET UG Economics Booster Test 2 - Sustainable Development & Organic Farming -

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CUET UG Economics Booster Test 2 - Sustainable Development & Organic Farming

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Economics Booster Test 2 - Sustainable Development & Organic Farming

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QUESTION 1 OF 20

Eco-friendly technologies like organic farming are crucial because conventional agriculture:

Answer Review

1 Eco-friendly technologies like organic farming are crucial because conventional agriculture:

A Enhances the ecological balance.

B Penetrates water sources and devastates eco-systems.

C Uses locally produced organic inputs.

D Improves the shelf life of all crops.

💡 Short Explanation

Conventional agriculture relies heavily on chemical inputs. These chemicals pollute water sources and damage ecosystems. Organic farming promotes eco-friendly and sustainable practices.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, conventional agriculture depends on chemical fertilizers and toxic pesticides, which contaminate soil and water resources, penetrate water sources, and devastate natural ecosystems. Eco-friendly technologies such as organic farming help restore ecological balance and support sustainable development. Therefore, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Conventional agriculture disturbs ecological balance rather than enhancing it.
Option C → Using locally produced organic inputs is a feature of organic farming, not conventional farming.
Option D → Improving shelf life is not the reason eco-friendly technologies are promoted.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Identification

Application:

Identify the environmental impact of conventional agriculture that justifies eco-friendly technologies.

Final Logic:

Conventional agriculture damages ecosystems and contaminates water sources; therefore Option B is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Chemicals → Water Pollution → Organic Solution

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Sustainable Development

2 Match the terms with their characteristics regarding environmental conservation

List I	List II
1. — Popularising organic farming	a. — Physical limitation of organic produce
2. — Inadequate infrastructure	b. — Requires awareness and willingness
3. — Agriculture policy	c. — Requires appropriate government promotion
4. — Blemishes	d. — A major concern to be addressed

A 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

B 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d

C 1-d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c

D 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a

💡 Short Explanation

Soil is degraded by excessive chemical fertilizers. Toxic pesticides affect livestock and the food chain. Conventional agriculture depends on chemicals. Sustainable development promotes conservation through organic methods.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT: Soil → Depleted by chemical fertilizers (d). Toxic pesticides → Harm livestock and food supply (a). Conventional agriculture → Dependent on heavy chemical usage (b). Sustainable development → Requires conservation and organic methods (c). Hence, the correct matching is 1-d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c, making Option C correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Soil and sustainable development are incorrectly matched.
Option B → Toxic pesticides and soil are mismatched.
Option D → Soil and toxic pesticides are incorrectly paired.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option Grouping

Application:

Match each environmental concept with its correct characteristic.

Final Logic:

Soil→Depleted, Toxic Pesticides→Harm, Conventional Agriculture→Chemicals, Sustainable Development→Conservation; therefore Option C is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Soil–Deplete • Pesticides–Harm • Conventional–Chemicals • Sustainable–Conserve

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Sustainable Development and Resource Conservation

3 Assertion (A)
Organic agriculture continues to use toxic pesticides to maintain crop yield.
Reason (R)
Organic farming substitutes costlier agricultural inputs with locally produced organic inputs.

A Both Assertion and Reason are false.

B Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

C Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason correctly explains the Assertion.

D Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming avoids toxic pesticides. It replaces chemical inputs with natural, locally available alternatives. This reduces production costs and protects the environment.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Assertion is false because organic farming does not use toxic pesticides. Instead, it relies on natural pest-control methods and organic inputs. The Reason is true because the NCERT explains that organic farming substitutes costlier agricultural inputs, such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides, with locally produced organic inputs like compost and bio-fertilizers. Therefore, Option D is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → The Reason is true.
Option B → The Assertion is false.
Option C → The Assertion is false, so both statements cannot be true.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Assertion–Reason Analysis

Application:

Evaluate the Assertion and Reason independently before identifying the correct relationship.

Final Logic:

The Assertion is false, while the Reason is true; therefore Option D is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Organic = No Chemicals • Local Inputs = Lower Cost

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Organic Inputs

4 Organic agriculture is a whole system of farming that ________, maintains and enhances the ecological balance.

A Restores

B Diminishes

C Replaces

D Synthesizes

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming protects natural ecosystems. It restores soil fertility and biodiversity. It maintains ecological balance through natural methods.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, organic agriculture is a whole system of farming that restores, maintains, and enhances ecological balance. It relies on natural inputs and biological processes instead of synthetic chemicals, thereby improving soil fertility, conserving biodiversity, and protecting the environment. Therefore, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Organic farming does not diminish ecological balance.
Option C → "Replaces" does not correctly complete the NCERT definition.
Option D → "Synthesizes" is unrelated to the concept.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Definition Completion

Application:

Recall the exact NCERT definition of organic farming.

Final Logic:

Organic farming restores, maintains, and enhances ecological balance; therefore Option A is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Organic = Restore → Maintain → Enhance

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming

5 Arrange the events related to health concerns from conventional farming logically.
1. Farmers heavily use chemical fertilisers.
2. Chemicals enter the food supply.
3. Consumption of tainted food affects human health.
4. Demand for organically grown, safe food rises.

A 4, 3, 2, 1

B 1, 2, 3, 4

C 2, 1, 4, 3

D 1, 3, 2, 4

💡 Short Explanation

Chemicals are first applied to crops. They enter the food chain. Human health is affected. Consumers then demand safer organic food.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The logical sequence begins with heavy use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. These chemicals enter the food supply, leading to health concerns among consumers. As awareness of these risks increases, the demand for organically grown, safer food also rises. Therefore, the correct sequence is 1 → 2 → 3 → 4, making Option B correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Reverses the actual cause-and-effect sequence.
Option C → Chemicals cannot enter food before they are applied.
Option D → Health effects occur only after chemicals enter the food supply.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Chronological Ordering

Application:

Arrange the events according to the cause-and-effect relationship described in the NCERT.

Final Logic:

Chemical Use → Food Contamination → Health Impact → Organic Demand; therefore Option B is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Spray → Food → Health → Organic

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Need for Organic Farming

6 Why is organic farming considered environmentally sustainable?

A It accelerates the depletion of soil nutrients.

B It requires importing expensive chemical fertilizers.

C It is pesticide-free and restores natural eco-systems.

D It guarantees high yields in the very first year.

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming minimizes synthetic chemical use. It conserves biodiversity and soil fertility. It restores ecological balance and protects natural resources.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, organic farming promotes environmental sustainability by avoiding toxic pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. It restores natural ecosystems, improves soil health, conserves biodiversity, and reduces pollution of soil and water resources. Therefore, Option C is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Organic farming improves rather than depletes soil fertility.
Option B → Organic farming reduces dependence on chemical fertilizers.
Option D → Organic farming may initially produce lower yields before long-term benefits are realized.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Identification

Application:

Identify the environmental benefit of organic farming emphasized in the NCERT.

Final Logic:

Organic farming is environmentally sustainable because it restores natural ecosystems without toxic pesticides; therefore Option C is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

No Chemicals = Healthy Ecosystem

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Sustainable Development and Organic Farming

7 Which of the following is correct regarding natural fertilisers in organic farming?
Statements:
1. They substitute chemical fertilisers.
2. They are usually locally produced.
3. They are considered costlier than HYV seeds.

A Only 1

B Only 2

C Both 2 and 3

D Both 1 and 2

💡 Short Explanation

Natural fertilisers replace chemical fertilisers. They are generally produced locally. They are cheaper than costlier chemical inputs and HYV-based cultivation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, organic farming substitutes chemical fertilisers with natural fertilisers such as compost, green manure, vermicompost, and farmyard manure. These inputs are usually produced locally, making them economical and environmentally friendly. Statement 3 is incorrect because natural fertilisers are not costlier than HYV seeds and chemical fertilisers. Therefore, Statements 1 and 2 are correct, making Option D the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Statement 2 is also correct.
Option B → Statement 1 is also correct.
Option C → Statement 3 is incorrect.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement Verification

Application:

Evaluate each statement independently based on the NCERT discussion on organic inputs.

Final Logic:

Statements 1 and 2 are true, while Statement 3 is false; therefore Option D is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Natural Fertilisers = Local + Low Cost

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Inputs

8 Match the concepts to their roles in farming

List I	List II
1. — Locally produced inputs	a. — Maintained by organic methods
2. — Costlier inputs	b. — Cheaper and generate good returns
3. — Eco-friendly technology	c. — HYV seeds and pesticides
4. — Ecological balance	d. — Enhances food safety globally

A 1–b, 2–c, 3–d, 4–a

B 1–a, 2–d, 3–b, 4–c

C 1–c, 2–b, 3–a, 4–d

D 1–d, 2–a, 3–c, 4–b

💡 Short Explanation

Locally produced inputs are cheaper and provide good returns. Costlier inputs include HYV seeds and pesticides. Eco-friendly technology improves global food safety. Organic farming helps maintain ecological balance.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Locally produced inputs are generally cheaper and generate good returns, making 1 → b. Costlier inputs in conventional agriculture include HYV seeds and pesticides, giving 2 → c. Eco-friendly technology promotes food safety and sustainable agricultural practices globally, so 3 → d. Ecological balance is maintained through organic farming methods, resulting in 4 → a. Thus, the correct matching is: 1–b, 2–c, 3–d, 4–a

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → 1–a, 2–d, 3–b, 4–c

Locally produced inputs do not maintain ecological balance directly, and eco-friendly technology is not simply cheaper inputs.

Option C → 1–c, 2–b, 3–a, 4–d

Locally produced inputs are not HYV seeds and pesticides, and ecological balance is not equivalent to food safety.

Option D → 1–d, 2–a, 3–c, 4–b

Eco-friendly technology is not represented by HYV seeds and pesticides, and ecological balance is not about generating good returns.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept-Based Matching

Application:

Associate each feature of organic farming with its most appropriate characteristic.

Final Logic:

Locally produced inputs → Cheaper and generate good returns
Costlier inputs → HYV seeds and pesticides
Eco-friendly technology → Enhances food safety globally
Ecological balance → Maintained by organic methods

🧠 Memory Trick

"Local–Cheap, Costly–HYV, Eco–Safe, Ecology–Organic."

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming

9 By substituting HYV seeds and chemical fertilisers with local inputs, organic farming primarily achieves:

A Increased foreign debt

B Cost reduction and better returns

C Immediate maximum crop yield

D Longer shelf life for produce

💡 Short Explanation

Local organic inputs reduce production costs. Organic products often fetch premium prices. This increases farmers' profitability.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, organic farming replaces costly HYV seeds and chemical fertilisers with locally available organic inputs, reducing cultivation costs. Additionally, the growing demand and premium prices for organic produce improve farmers' returns. Therefore, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Organic farming has no connection with increasing foreign debt.
Option C → Organic farming generally has lower initial yields.
Option D → Organic produce usually has a shorter, not longer, shelf life.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Application

Application:

Identify the primary economic benefit of replacing chemical inputs with local organic inputs.

Final Logic:

Lower production costs combined with better market prices lead to better returns; therefore Option B is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Local Inputs = Low Cost + High Profit

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Benefits of Organic Farming

10 Profitability in Organic Farming = (Lower Input Costs) + ( ? )

A High Initial Yields

B Decreased Labour Input

C Premium Prices from Exports & Rising Demand

D Chemical Subsidies

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming reduces production costs. Organic products receive premium prices. Export demand further increases profitability.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The NCERT explains that organic farming becomes profitable because of lower cultivation costs, premium prices (10–100% higher than conventional produce), and growing domestic and international demand. These factors together increase farmers' income and export opportunities. Therefore, Option C is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Organic farming usually has lower yields initially.
Option B → Organic farming is labour-intensive, not labour-saving.
Option D → Profitability does not primarily depend on chemical subsidies.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Equation

Application:

Combine the economic factors contributing to profitability in organic farming.

Final Logic:

Lower Input Costs + Premium Prices & Rising Demand = Higher Profitability; therefore Option C is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Low Cost + High Demand = High Profit

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Benefits of Organic Farming

📄 Passage

"Organic agriculture also generates income through exports as the demand for organically grown crops is on a rise. Studies across countries have shown that organically grown food has more nutritional value than chemical farming thus providing us with healthy foods. Since organic farming requires more labour input than conventional farming, India will find organic farming an attractive proposition."

According to the passage, the rise in demand for organically grown crops directly leads to:

A A decrease in nutritional value

B Higher reliance on chemical farming

C A reduction in agricultural labour

D Income generation through exports

💡 Short Explanation

Global demand for organic crops is increasing. Higher demand creates export opportunities. This helps farmers earn additional income.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The passage clearly states that organic agriculture generates income through exports because the demand for organically grown crops is increasing worldwide. Growing international demand expands export markets and creates better income opportunities for farmers engaged in organic farming. Therefore, Option D is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → The passage states that organic food has more, not less, nutritional value.
Option B → Rising demand is for organic crops, not chemical farming.
Option C → Organic farming actually requires more labour, not less.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Passage-Based Direct Recall

Application:

Identify the direct outcome of rising global demand mentioned in the passage.

Final Logic:

Increasing demand for organic crops leads to income generation through exports; therefore Option D is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

More Demand → More Exports → More Income

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Export Potential

📄 Passage

Based on the passage, the generated income from organic crops is largely supported by:

A Expanding export markets due to rising demand

B Decreased labour costs

C Selling conventional chemical fertilizers

D Shorter shelf-life of the food

💡 Short Explanation

Global demand for organic products is rising. This creates larger export markets. Farmers earn higher incomes through exports.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the passage, the increasing global demand for organically grown crops creates expanding export opportunities, which become an important source of income for farmers. The passage does not attribute income generation to lower labour costs or chemical fertilizers. Therefore, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Organic farming requires more labour, not lower labour costs.
Option C → Organic farming avoids chemical fertilizers.
Option D → A shorter shelf life is a limitation, not a source of income.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Passage-Based Concept Identification

Application:

Identify the factor responsible for income generation described in the passage.

Final Logic:

Income is supported by expanding export markets driven by rising demand; therefore Option A is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Global Demand = Export Income

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Export Potential

13 Which of the following is correct regarding the labour aspect of organic farming?
Statements:
1. It requires less labour input than conventional farming.
2. It requires more labour input than conventional farming.
3. It makes it an unattractive proposition for India.

A Only 1

B Only 2

C Both 2 and 3

D Both 1 and 3

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming is labour-intensive. India has abundant labour, making it suitable. Therefore, only Statement 2 is correct.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, organic farming requires more labour input than conventional farming because activities such as compost preparation, manual weeding, and biological pest control demand greater human involvement. This makes organic farming an attractive proposition for India, which has a large labour force. Hence, Statement 2 is correct, while Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect. Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Statement 1 is false.
Option C → Statement 3 is false because organic farming is attractive for India.
Option D → Both Statements 1 and 3 are false.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Statement Verification

Application:

Evaluate each statement individually using NCERT facts.

Final Logic:

Only Statement 2 is correct; therefore Option B is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Organic Farming = More Labour = More Jobs

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Employment Aspect

14 Match the elements of rural employment in agriculture

List I	List II
1. — More labour input	a. — Relies less on manual labour than organic farming
2. — India's large workforce	b. — Makes organic farming suitable for India
3. — Attractive proposition	c. — Required by organic farming operations
4. — Conventional farming	d. — Benefits from labour-intensive agriculture

A 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

B 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

C 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a

D 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming requires more labour. India's large workforce benefits from labour-intensive activities. Conventional farming relies comparatively less on manual labour.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT: More labour input → Required by organic farming operations (c). India's large workforce → Benefits from labour-intensive agriculture (d). Attractive proposition → Makes organic farming suitable for India (b). Conventional farming → Relies less on manual labour than organic farming (a). Thus, the correct matching is 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a, making Option C correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → More labour input and conventional farming are incorrectly matched.
Option B → India's workforce and attractive proposition are mismatched.
Option D → Multiple incorrect pairings.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Option Grouping

Application:

Match each employment-related concept with its correct characteristic.

Final Logic:

More Labour→Organic Farming, Workforce→Benefits, Attractive Proposition→India, Conventional Farming→Less Manual Labour; therefore Option C is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Organic Needs Labour • India Has Labour

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Employment Aspect

15 Why do small and marginal farmers find it difficult to adapt to large-scale organic production initially?

A The government bans organic farming on large scales.

B It requires massive amounts of chemical fertilizers.

C The produce has a very long shelf life.

D The yields are lower than conventional farming in the initial years.

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming generally produces lower yields during the transition period. Small farmers may experience reduced income initially. This makes large-scale adoption difficult.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The NCERT states that organic farming yields are generally lower than those of conventional farming during the initial years. Because of this temporary decline in production, small and marginal farmers often face difficulties in adopting organic farming on a large scale. Therefore, Option D is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → No such government ban is mentioned.
Option B → Organic farming avoids chemical fertilizers.
Option C → Organic produce actually has a shorter shelf life.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Identification

Application:

Identify the principal challenge faced by small farmers during the transition to organic farming.

Final Logic:

Lower initial yields make adaptation difficult; therefore Option D is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Organic Starts Slow

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Challenges

16 Arrange the challenges of marketing organic produce logically.
1. Farmers face difficulties in transporting to distant markets quickly.
2. The crop exhibits more natural blemishes.
3. The produce has a shorter shelf life.
4. Produce is harvested without chemical preservatives.

A 4, 2, 3, 1

B 4, 3, 2, 1

C 1, 3, 2, 4

D 2, 1, 4, 3

💡 Short Explanation

Organic produce is harvested without chemical preservatives. Natural blemishes become visible. The produce has a shorter shelf life. Transportation to distant markets becomes difficult.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The logical sequence begins with harvesting produce without chemical preservatives, which results in natural blemishes. Because preservatives are absent, the produce has a shorter shelf life, making transportation to distant markets more difficult. Therefore, the correct order is 4 → 2 → 3 → 1, making Option A correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Shelf life is affected after the appearance of untreated produce.
Option C → Transportation difficulties occur only after shelf-life limitations arise.
Option D → Harvesting without preservatives must occur first.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Chronological Ordering

Application:

Arrange the marketing challenges according to the sequence from harvest to market.

Final Logic:

Harvest → Blemishes → Short Shelf Life → Transport Difficulty; therefore Option A is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Harvest → Blemish → Shelf Life → Transport

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Marketing Challenges

17 Because organic produce is not sprayed with chemical preservatives, it generally suffers from a ________ compared to conventional produce.

A Higher chemical residue

B Shorter shelf life

C Longer shelf life

D Unlimited export capacity

💡 Short Explanation

Organic produce contains no synthetic preservatives. It spoils faster than chemically treated produce. This creates storage and transportation challenges.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, one of the major limitations of organic farming is that organic produce generally has a shorter shelf life than conventionally sprayed produce because it is not treated with chemical preservatives. This makes storage, transportation, and marketing more difficult. Therefore, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Organic produce contains lower, not higher, chemical residues.
Option C → Organic produce does not have a longer shelf life.
Option D → Shelf life has no direct relationship with export capacity.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Direct Recall

Application:

Recall the limitation of organic produce highlighted in the NCERT.

Final Logic:

Organic produce has a shorter shelf life because it is free from chemical preservatives; therefore Option B is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

No Preservatives = Short Shelf Life

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Limitations

18 Assertion (A)
Choice in production of off-season crops is quite limited in organic farming.
Reason (R)
Organic farming relies on natural ecological cycles without the extensive use of synthetic interventions.

A Both Assertion and Reason are false.

B Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

C Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason correctly explains the Assertion.

D Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming follows natural ecological processes. Synthetic chemicals and artificial growth regulators are avoided. Hence, production of off-season crops is limited.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Assertion is true because the NCERT states that organic farming offers limited choice in the production of off-season crops. The Reason is also true because organic farming depends on natural ecological cycles and avoids extensive use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and growth regulators that help produce crops outside their natural growing seasons. Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion, making Option C correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Both statements are true.
Option B → The Reason is also true.
Option D → The Assertion is true.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Assertion–Reason Analysis

Application:

Evaluate the truth of both statements and determine whether the Reason explains the Assertion.

Final Logic:

Both statements are true, and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion; therefore Option C is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Natural Cycles → Limited Off-Season Crops

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Organic Farming – Limitations

19 To address the major concerns of inadequate infrastructure and marketing in organic farming, there is a need for:

A Reverting to chemical pesticides

B Eliminating small and marginal farmers

C Stopping agricultural exports entirely

D An appropriate agriculture policy

💡 Short Explanation

Organic farming requires institutional support. Proper policies improve infrastructure and marketing. Government intervention encourages wider adoption.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the NCERT, despite the advantages of organic farming, inadequate infrastructure and marketing facilities remain major concerns. These challenges can be addressed through an appropriate agriculture policy, supported by government promotion, awareness, and institutional assistance. Therefore, Option D is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Organic farming discourages the use of chemical pesticides.
Option B → Small and marginal farmers are important beneficiaries of organic farming.
Option C → Export promotion, not export stoppage, supports organic farming.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Identification

Application:

Identify the policy measure recommended by the NCERT to support organic farming.

Final Logic:

A strong agriculture policy is needed to improve infrastructure and marketing; therefore Option D is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Policy + Infrastructure = Organic Growth

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Future Prospects of Organic Farming

20 Popularising organic farming requires ________ and willingness on the part of farmers to adapt to new technology for sustainable growth.

A Awareness

B Ignorance

C Subsidized chemicals

D Foreign labourers

💡 Short Explanation

Farmers must understand the benefits of organic farming. Awareness encourages adoption of new techniques. This supports sustainable agricultural development.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The NCERT emphasizes that popularising organic farming requires awareness and willingness among farmers to adopt new technologies and farming practices. Along with supportive government policies, awareness is essential for expanding organic farming and achieving sustainable agricultural growth. Therefore, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Ignorance discourages adoption of improved practices.
Option C → Organic farming minimizes dependence on chemical inputs.
Option D → Foreign labour is unrelated to promoting organic farming.

🎯 Strategy

Used

Concept Completion

Application:

Complete the NCERT statement on promoting organic farming.

Final Logic:

Awareness and willingness are essential for popularising organic farming; therefore Option A is correct.

🧠 Memory Trick

Awareness → Adoption → Sustainability

📚 Class XII – Economics – Chapter: Rural Development – Topic: Future Prospects of Organic Farming

CUET UG Economics Booster Test 2 - Sustainable Development & Organic Farming

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