CUET UG Booster Psychology-Psychological Disorders Unit 4 Test ( D2 ) -

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CUET UG Booster Psychology-Psychological Disorders Unit 4 Test ( D2 )

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Booster Psychology-Psychological Disorders Unit 4 Test ( D2 )

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QUESTION 1 OF 20

Trace the chronological evolution of explaining abnormal behaviour in Western civilisation:
1. Demonology and superstition (Middle Ages)
2. Operation of supernatural and magical forces (Ancient beliefs)
3. Increased humanism and curiosity (Renaissance)
4. Organismic approach (Ancient Greece)

Answer Review

1 Trace the chronological evolution of explaining abnormal behaviour in Western civilisation:
1. Demonology and superstition (Middle Ages)
2. Operation of supernatural and magical forces (Ancient beliefs)
3. Increased humanism and curiosity (Renaissance)
4. Organismic approach (Ancient Greece)

A 2, 4, 1, 3

B 4, 2, 1, 3

C 2, 1, 4, 3

D 1, 2, 3, 4

💡 Short Explanation

History begins with prehistoric supernatural beliefs. Shifts to the philosophical/biological views of Ancient Greece. Reverts to demonology during the Middle Ages. Evolves into humanism during the Renaissance.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The chronological evolution follows a specific path in Western history: 2 (Supernatural/Ancient): The earliest explanations involved magical forces and spirits. 4 (Organismic/Ancient Greece): Philosophers like Hippocrates and Galen moved toward biological/naturalistic explanations. 1 (Demonology/Middle Ages): With the rise of the Church, explanations reverted to superstition and \"evil\" spirits. 3 (Humanism/Renaissance): This period saw a decline in demonology and an increase in medical/humanistic curiosity.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrectly starts with Greece (4) before earlier supernatural beliefs (2).
Option C → Places the Middle Ages (1) before Ancient Greece (4).
Option D → Incorrectly places the Middle Ages (1) as the starting point.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Ordering history from the \"most primitive\" (magic) to the \"most modern\" (humanism).

Final Logic: Ancient Magic $\\rightarrow$ Greek Science $\\rightarrow$ Medieval Dark Ages $\\rightarrow$ Renaissance Light.

🧠 Memory Trick

S-O-D-H: Supernatural, Organismic, Demonology, Humanism.

2 Match the following:

List I (Entity/Cause)	List II
1. Evil spirits (bhoot-pret)	A. Rituals performed to drive out evil forces
2. Medicine man	B. The devil (shaitan)
3. Witchcraft	C. Belief in magical harm caused by others
4. Exorcism practices	D. Shaman/ojha

A 1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A

B 1-C, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B

C 1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C

D 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

💡 Short Explanation

�� Evil spirits are associated with the devil. �� Medicine man refers to shaman/ojha. �� Witchcraft involves magical harm beliefs. �� Exorcism removes evil forces.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The supernatural approach explains abnormal behaviour through magical and spiritual causes. 1. Evil spirits (bhoot-pret) are associated with the devil (shaitan). Therefore, 1 → B. 2. Medicine man refers to the shaman or ojha, believed to communicate with supernatural forces. Therefore, 2 → D. 3. Witchcraft involves the belief that magical harm is caused intentionally by others. Therefore, 3 → C. 4. Exorcism practices involve rituals and prayers performed to drive out evil spirits. Therefore, 4 → A. Thus, Option A correctly matches all pairs.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Incorrect because medicine man is not linked with exorcism rituals directly.
�� Option C → Incorrect because evil spirits are not equivalent to shaman/ojha.
�� Option D → Incorrect because exorcism is not the same as shaman identity.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Matching key supernatural terms with their direct conceptual meanings eliminates incorrect combinations.

Final Logic:

Devil, shaman, magical harm, and evil-removal rituals align correctly only in Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

\"Spirit–Shaman–Magic–Removal\"

3 Concept validation regarding the supernatural approach to evil spirits:
i) Evil spirits were viewed as external entities residing within the individual.
ii) This perspective represents an early recognition of brain neurotransmitter dysfunction.

A Only i is correct

B Only ii is correct

C Both are correct

D Neither is correct

💡 Short Explanation

Supernatural approach = Outside forces (Spirits/Demons). Biological approach = Inside forces (Neurotransmitters). Early man did not know about brain chemistry.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement i is correct; the supernatural approach posits that abnormal behavior is caused by external forces like ghosts or demons taking residence in a person. Statement ii is incorrect because the recognition of neurotransmitters is a modern biological discovery, not part of ancient supernatural belief systems.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrectly validates a modern scientific concept (neurotransmitters) as an ancient belief.
Option C → Incorrectly validates Statement ii.
Option D → Incorrectly invalidates Statement i.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Identifying that \"Evil Spirits\" and \"Neurotransmitters\" belong to two completely different eras/paradigms.

Final Logic: Supernaturalism is about spirits; Psychiatry is about chemicals.

🧠 Memory Trick

Spirits = Outside; Chemicals = Inside.

4 Situation: A modern historian is researching ancient texts that describe healers using prayers to draw out dark forces from the afflicted. The historian is analyzing the historical roots of:

A Deinstitutionalisation

B Exorcism

C The scientific method

D Biological psychiatry

💡 Short Explanation

\"Prayers\" + \"Dark forces\" = Religious/Supernatural intervention. The act of removing these forces is called exorcism. It is the oldest form of \"therapy\" for mental distress.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The description of using prayers and spiritual rituals to draw out dark forces is the definition of Exorcism. This practice stems from the supernatural view that abnormal behavior is a result of possession. It predates scientific medicine and institutional care.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is a modern movement to move patients out of hospitals.
Option C → Relies on observation and evidence, not prayers.
Option D → Relies on medicine and brain science.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Matching \"Dark Forces\" to the ritual of \"Exorcism.\"

Final Logic: Spiritual healing for spirit possession is called exorcism.

🧠 Memory Trick

Prayers + Spirits = Exorcism.

5 The fundamental analytical assumption of the biological approach in explaining brain dysfunction is that:

A Psychological trauma permanently alters thought processes.

B Defective physiological processes are the root cause of maladaptive behaviour.

C Society\'s normative labels trigger brain disease.

D The material world interacts with human emotion to cause madness.

💡 Short Explanation

Biological approach = Body/Brain focus. \"Somatogenic\" perspective. Mental illness is seen as a physical disease.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Biological Approach (or Organismic approach) assumes that mental disorders are caused by a physical malfunction in the body, particularly the brain. This includes biochemical imbalances, genetic flaws, or structural brain defects. It treats the \"mind\" as an extension of \"physiology.\"

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is the Psychological Approach.
Option C → This is the Socio-cultural Approach.
Option D → This is a philosophical/existential view.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Linking \"Biological\" to \"Physiological.\"

Final Logic: Biology is the study of physiological processes.

🧠 Memory Trick

Biology = Body.

6 Modern evidence validates the historical biological approach by directly linking specific ________ processes to many types of maladaptive behaviour, proving that correcting them improves functioning.

A Humoural

B Demonic

C Body and brain

D Supernatural

💡 Short Explanation

Modern science looks at neurotransmitters (Brain). It also looks at hormonal and genetic factors (Body). This is the evolution of the ancient \"organismic\" view.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

While ancient Greeks believed in \"humours,\" modern science has replaced that specific theory with the study of Body and Brain processes (like dopamine levels or amygdala activity). This validates the premise of the biological approach—that the cause is physical—even if the specific ancient mechanisms (humours) were wrong.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Humours are an outdated ancient theory, not modern evidence.
Option B → Demonic forces have no scientific validation.
Option D → Supernatural forces cannot be measured or \"corrected\" by science.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Removing non-scientific terms (Demonic, Supernatural) and outdated terms (Humoural).

Final Logic: Science focuses on the physical interaction of the body and brain.

🧠 Memory Trick

Modern = Brain.

7 Identify the incorrect analytical statement regarding the psychological approach.

A It points to inadequacies in the way an individual thinks.

B It examines how an individual perceives the world.

C It considers emotional factors and feelings as central causes.

D It focuses primarily on the disruption of the four essential body fluids.

💡 Short Explanation

Psychological = Mind/Thoughts/Emotions. Body fluids (Humours) = Biological approach. Psychology deals with \"mental\" inadequacies.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement D is incorrect because the study of body fluids (humours like black bile, yellow bile, etc.) is the hallmark of the Biological/Organismic Approach, not the Psychological Approach. The Psychological approach focuses on cognitive distortions, emotional trauma, and perceptions.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Correct; cognitive psychology focuses on thinking.
Option B → Correct; perception is a core psychological process.
Option C → Correct; emotions are the foundation of psychological distress.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Finding the physical/biological term in a list of psychological concepts.

Final Logic: Fluids are biological; Thoughts are psychological.

🧠 Memory Trick

Psyche = Soul/Mind; Bio = Body/Fluids.

8 Evaluate the following conceptual statements about emotional factors:
i) Ancient Greek philosophers like Plato viewed disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.
ii) This early organismic view laid a conceptual foundation for later psychological approaches highlighting emotional inadequacies.

A Both i and ii are true, and ii logically follows i

B Both i and ii are true, but are completely unrelated

C i is true, ii is false

D Both are false

💡 Short Explanation

Plato introduced the Mind-Body dualism and the role of \"Reason.\" Conflict between \"Rational\" and \"Irrational\" is a psychological concept. Ancient philosophy evolved into modern clinical psychology.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement i is a historical fact; Plato and other Greeks began to look at internal mental conflicts. Statement ii is true because these philosophical debates provided a framework for later psychologists (such as Freud and Beck) to explore how emotional \"inadequacies\" or \"conflicts\" lead to disorder. Therefore, ii is the logical historical extension of i.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrect; they are deeply related as part of the intellectual history of psychology.
Option C → Incorrect; Statement ii is a valid historical interpretation.
Option D → Incorrect; both are standard NCERT points.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Connecting ancient philosophy to modern psychology.

Final Logic: Plato\'s focus on \"Reason vs. Emotion\" is the direct ancestor of modern psychological theory.

🧠 Memory Trick

Plato = Conflict (Reason vs. Emotion).

9 Sequence the conceptual progression of the organismic approach by ancient Greek philosophers:
1. Viewing the human organism holistically
2. Identifying conflicts between reason and emotion
3. Analyzing the individual\'s emotional state
4. Explaining disturbed behaviour

A 1, 3, 2, 4

B 4, 1, 2, 3

C 1, 4, 3, 2

D 2, 3, 1, 4

💡 Short Explanation

Step 1: Broad view of the person (Holistic). Step 2: Specific check of internal feelings (Emotional). Step 3: Finding the mental clash (Conflict). Step 4: Resulting diagnosis (Disturbed behavior).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Greek approach was systematic: they started with the 1 (Holistic) view of the body/soul. Then they looked at 2 (Emotions). They theorized that when 3 (Reason and Emotion) are in conflict, the result is 4 (Disturbed behavior). This is a logical progression from \"Whole\" to \"Conflict\" to \"Result.\"

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Cannot start with the result (4) before the cause.
Option C → Places the result (4) before the analysis of conflict (3).
Option D → Starts with emotions before the holistic framework.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Logical flow of \"Theory Analysis Conflict Symptom.\"

Final Logic: You must have a conflict (3) before you can explain the behavior (4).

🧠 Memory Trick

Whole Feel Fight Fail.

10 Situation: A classical scholar translates a text where a physician diagnoses a patient\'s severe lethargy as an imbalance of \"black bile\". This diagnosis is a direct application of whose theoretical concept of humours?

A Plato

B Socrates

C Galen

D St. Augustine

💡 Short Explanation

Humours = Black bile, Yellow bile, Blood, Phlegm. Galen expanded on Hippocrates\' work. Black bile was specifically linked to \"Melancholia\" (Lethargy/Depression).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Galen (following Hippocrates) elaborated the Humoral Theory. He believed that health depended on the balance of four fluids. Black Bile was associated with a melancholic temperament (lethargy/sadness). This biological theory dominated medicine for centuries.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Plato was a philosopher focused on \"Reason,\" not medical humours.
Option B → Socrates focused on ethics and questioning.
Option D → St. Augustine focused on theology and \"feelings\" during the Middle Ages.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Linking \"Black Bile/Humours\" to the physician Galen.

Final Logic: Galen is the primary historical figure associated with the four humours.

🧠 Memory Trick

Passage-Based Questions (Q11 & Q12) Passage: \"In the Middle Ages, demonology and superstition gained renewed importance in the explanation of abnormal behaviour. Demonology related to a belief that people with mental problems were evil and there are numerous instances of \'witch-hunts\' during this period. During the early Middle Ages, the Christian spirit of charity prevailed and St. Augustine wrote extensively about feelings, mental anguish and conflict. This laid the groundwork for modern psychodynamic theories of abnormal behaviour.\"

11 Based on the passage, the resurgence of demonology in the Middle Ages fundamentally equated mental problems with:

A Biochemical vulnerabilities

B Moral evil and superstition

C Disruption of body humours

D Lack of community care

💡 Short Explanation

Middle Ages = Age of Faith. Mental illness was seen as a sin or demonic possession. \"Witch-hunts\" were the consequence of this view.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The passage states that in the Middle Ages, demonology and superstition gained importance. It explicitly links mental problems to the belief that people were \"evil.\" This shifted the focus from medical treatment to moral judgment and superstitious practices like witch-hunts.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is a modern biological view.
Option C → This was the Greek view, which was largely ignored during the demonology peak.
Option D → While care was often lacking, the explanation for the disorder was moral evil.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Finding the word \"Evil\" and \"Superstition\" in the provided text.

Final Logic: The passage directly defines demonology through these terms.

🧠 Memory Trick

12 The passage highlights a historical paradox. While witch-hunts occurred due to superstition, what concurrent development laid the groundwork for modern psychodynamic theories?

A The application of the scientific method

B Galen\'s revival of the humoral theory

C St. Augustine\'s writings on feelings, mental anguish, and conflict

D The push for deinstitutionalisation

💡 Short Explanation

St. Augustine provided a \"charitable\" religious view. He looked at internal \"anguish\" and \"conflict.\" This internal focus is the ancestor of Psychodynamics (Freud).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Even during the Middle Ages, St. Augustine explored the inner mental life. By writing about feelings, mental anguish, and conflict, he introduced the idea that mental distress comes from internal psychological struggles. The passage notes this as the groundwork for psychodynamic theories, which also focus on internal emotional conflicts.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → The scientific method emerged later (17th/18th century).
Option B → Galen\'s work was ancient, not a \"concurrent development\" of the Middle Ages.
Option D → This is a 20th-century movement.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Matching the phrase \"groundwork for modern psychodynamic theories\" to the person mentioned in the text.

Final Logic: St. Augustine is the bridge between medieval theology and internal psychological study.

🧠 Memory Trick

Augustine = Anguish (Internal focus).

13 Match the Following:

List I	List II
1. Transition from Middle Ages to Renaissance	A. From faith/dogma to scientific method
2. Transition to Age of Reason and Enlightenment,	B. From demonology to humanism
3. Rise of scientific thinking	C. Growth of empirical observation
4. Decline of superstition-based explanations	D. Reduction in supernatural belief

A 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D

B 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

C 1-A, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D

D 1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

💡 Short Explanation

Renaissance = Humanism (Medical over Demonic). Enlightenment = Reason (Science over Faith). Scientific Thinking = Empirical observation. Decline of superstition = Less supernatural belief.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Mapping the historical shifts: 1-B: The Renaissance was characterized by the shift from demonology to humanism. 2-B: The Enlightenment also continued this trend toward medical treatment. 3-C: Scientific thinking is defined by empirical observation. 4-D: The result of these movements was the reduction in supernatural explanations.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Options A, B, C → These misplace the key philosophical \"label\" of each era (e.g., matching the Renaissance with the Scientific Method, which was actually an Enlightenment hallmark).

🎯 Strategy

Application: Matching the historical era to its defining philosophy.

Final Logic: Renaissance = Humanism; Enlightenment = Science/Reason.

🧠 Memory Trick

Ren-Hum (Renaissance-Humanism); En-Sci (Enlightenment-Science).

14 Arrange the historical evolution of treatments for abnormal behaviour from oldest to most modern:
1. Medical treatment advocated by Johann Weyer
2. Exorcism and countermagic
3. Theological punishment and witch-hunts
4. Institutional asylum reform movements

A 2, 3, 1, 4

B 2, 1, 3, 4

C 3, 2, 1, 4

D 1, 3, 2, 4

💡 Short Explanation

Step 1: Prehistoric/Ancient (Exorcism). Step 2: Middle Ages (Witch-hunts). Step 3: Renaissance (Johann Weyer/Medical view). Step 4: 18th/19th Century (Asylum Reform).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The evolution of treatment: 1. 2 (Exorcism): The oldest method based on supernatural possession. 2. 3 (Witch-hunts): The brutal theological approach of the Middle Ages. 3. 1 (Johann Weyer): The Renaissance shift where a physician first argued that \"witches\" were actually sick people. 4. 4 (Reform): The modern era of Pinel and Tuke where asylums became more humane.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Places Weyer (Renaissance) before Witch-hunts (Middle Ages).
Option C → Starts with Middle Ages, ignoring the older history of exorcism.
Option D → Starts with the Renaissance physician.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Ordering from \"Cruel/Magic\" to \"Kind/Medical.\"

Final Logic: Treatment evolved from driving out spirits to treating the body to reforming the system.

🧠 Memory Trick

Magic Punishment Medicine Reform.

15 Evaluate the conceptual impact of the scientific method:
i) It replaced faith and dogma as ways of understanding abnormal behaviour in the 17th and 18th centuries.
ii) It led directly to the abandonment of the biopsychosocial approach.

A Only i is correct

B Only ii is correct

C Both are correct

D Neither is correct

💡 Short Explanation

Scientific Method = Observation + Reason. It challenged the Church\'s \"dogma.\" The Biopsychosocial approach is a product of modern science, not something science abandoned.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement i is correct; the 17th and 18th centuries (Enlightenment) shifted the world toward the scientific method. Statement ii is incorrect because the Biopsychosocial model is actually the pinnacle of modern scientific thinking in psychology; science refined it, it did not abandon it.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Validates a false statement about the biopsychosocial approach.
Option C → Validates Statement ii.
Option D → Fails to recognize the historical truth of Statement i.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Recognizing that science supports modern complex models.

Final Logic: Science killed dogma, but it created the biopsychosocial model.

🧠 Memory Trick

Science vs. Dogma.

16 Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the Reform movement?

A It was fueled by the growth of a scientific attitude.

B It increased compassion for people suffering from psychological disorders.

C It advocated for returning to theological treatments for institutionalized patients.

D It initiated a new inclination for deinstitutionalisation.

💡 Short Explanation

Reform = Improvement/Humanism. Moving away from the \"theological/sin\" model. Advocating for \"Moral Treatment.\"

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement C is incorrect because the Reform Movement (led by figures like Philippe Pinel) specifically fought to remove chains and religious punishments. It moved toward medical and social care, not back to the theological view of the Middle Ages.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → True; science led to the realization that patients weren\'t \"evil.\"
Option B → True; \"Moral Treatment\" was based on compassion.
Option D → True; it was the first step toward eventually closing huge, impersonal asylums.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Identifying the \"Regressive\" option in a \"Progressive\" movement.

Final Logic: A \"Reform\" movement by definition moves forward, not back to theology.

🧠 Memory Trick

Reform = Remove (Chains/Dogma).

17 In the context of the Biopsychosocial model, biological factors are viewed not in isolation, but as:

A The sole determinant of psychopathology.

B Interacting dynamically with psychological and social factors to influence the expression of disorders.

C Completely independent of a patient\'s social networks.

D Irrelevant compared to societal labels.

💡 Short Explanation

\"Bio-Psycho-Social\" = Three parts. No one factor works alone. It is a \"holistic\" modern model.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Biopsychosocial Model is an integrative framework. It suggests that while biology (genes) provides the foundation, it is the dynamic interaction with psychology (thoughts) and social environment (family/culture) that determines if a disorder actually develops.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This would be the \"Biological Model,\" not Biopsychosocial.
Option C → Ignores the \"Social\" part of the name.
Option D → Ignores the \"Bio\" part of the name.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Matching the tripartite name to a tripartite explanation.

Final Logic: If the name has three parts, the explanation must show how those three parts interact.

🧠 Memory Trick

3-in-1 Model.

18 The bio-psycho-social approach analytically acknowledges that ________ factors, such as family structure, interpersonal relationships, and societal norms, are just as critical as genetic predispositions in determining the outcome of psychological disorders.

A Social

B Humoural

C Demonic

D Surgical

💡 Short Explanation

Prompt list: Family, relationships, norms. These are all \"external\" environmental factors. They fall under the \"Social\" pillar of the model.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The \"Social\" part of the Biopsychosocial approach focuses on the environment. Family structure, interpersonal relationships, and societal norms are external influences that can either buffer a person against disorder or trigger a vulnerability.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Refers to ancient Greek biological theory.
Option C → Refers to medieval supernatural theory.
Option D → Refers to a physical medical intervention.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Matching \"Family/Society\" to the word \"Social.\"

Final Logic: Interpersonal relationships are social in nature.

🧠 Memory Trick

Social = Surroundings.

19 Situation: A clinical psychologist must determine if a patient\'s complex symptoms cross the threshold into a formal diagnosis. To ensure standardized communication, they utilize discrete clinical criteria from the 5th edition of the manual published by the:

A World Health Organisation (WHO)

B American Psychiatric Association (APA)

C Global Reform Movement

D International Classification Board

💡 Short Explanation

\"5th Edition\" = DSM-5. The DSM is the American standard. The WHO publishes the ICD (currently 10 or 11).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). It provides the discrete clinical criteria used by psychologists to classify and diagnose mental disorders.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Publishes the ICD, not the DSM.
Option C → This was a historical movement, not a publishing body for manuals.
Option D → This is a fictitious name.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Linking \"5th edition manual\" to \"DSM-5\" and then to \"APA.\"

Final Logic: Only the APA publishes the manual currently in its 5th edition (DSM-5).

🧠 Memory Trick

DSM = APA.

20 Concept validation about classification systems:
i) Classifications enable psychologists and psychiatrists to communicate with each other using shared characteristics.
ii) The ICD-10 provides diagnostic guidelines and main clinical features for behavioural and mental disorders.

A Only i is true

B Only ii is true

C Both i and ii are true, highlighting their analytical value in clinical settings

D Both are false

💡 Short Explanation

Classification = Common language. ICD = International Classification of Diseases (WHO). Both points describe the basic utility of diagnostic manuals.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement i is correct; without classification, doctors would not have a standardized way to describe symptoms. Statement ii is correct; the ICD-10 (published by WHO) is the global standard that lists the diagnostic guidelines and clinical features for all recognized mental and behavioral disorders.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Options A, B, and D → These are rejected because both statements are foundational truths regarding why and how mental health professionals use classification systems.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Validating the dual purpose of classification: communication and standard guidelines.

Final Logic: Classification is the backbone of clinical psychology; both points correctly explain this.

🧠 Memory Trick

Classify to Clarify.

CUET UG Booster Psychology-Psychological Disorders Unit 4 Test ( D2 )

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