CUET UG Booster Psychology Therapeutic Approaches Unit 4 Test ( D 1 ) -

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CUET UG Booster Psychology Psychological Disorders Unit 5 Test ( D 1 )

⏱️ 30 Minutes

❓ 20 Questions

📌 Answers are locked once submitted — results and explanations appear at the end.

CUET UG Booster Psychology Psychological Disorders Unit 5 Test ( D 1 )

1 / 20

QUESTION 1 OF 20

Concept validation (multiple statements): Evaluate the conceptual depth of the definition of abnormality. I. The lack of an 'ideal model' of normal behaviour means abnormality is determined by competing, sometimes conflicting views. II. Because 'abnormal' means "away from the normal", it necessitates a clear standard or norm to deviate from. III. The definition of abnormality has achieved universal consensus in the modern era. Which of the following is correct?

Answer Review

1 Concept validation (multiple statements): Evaluate the conceptual depth of the definition of abnormality. I. The lack of an 'ideal model' of normal behaviour means abnormality is determined by competing, sometimes conflicting views. II. Because 'abnormal' means "away from the normal", it necessitates a clear standard or norm to deviate from. III. The definition of abnormality has achieved universal consensus in the modern era. Which of the following is correct?

A I and II are true

B II and III are true

C I and III are true

D All are true

💡 Short Explanation

Abnormality lacks a single "ideal model," leading to multiple perspectives. The term "abnormal" logically requires a "normal" baseline for comparison. There is no universal consensus on the definition of abnormality.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is correct because the absence of a globally accepted "perfect" human behavior model forces psychology to rely on various approaches (Social Norm vs. Maladaptive), which often conflict. → Statement II is correct as it addresses the literal etymology: "Ab" (away from) + "Normal." To identify what is "away," one must first define the "norm" or standard of that specific context. → Statement III is false because NCERT explicitly states that while many definitions exist, none have won universal acceptance.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Includes Statement III, which is incorrect as abnormality remains a debated and culturally relative concept.
Option C → Includes Statement III and misses the etymological necessity described in Statement II.
Option D → Incorrect because Statement III is a factual error regarding the current state of psychological consensus.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The word "universal" in Statement III is an extreme claim. In psychology, especially regarding abnormality, definitions are usually described as "evolving" or "varied."

Final Logic: Eliminate Statement III to find that only A remains logically sound.

🧠 Memory Trick

Ab-Normal = Away from Standard. No standard is Universal.

2 Arrange order type MCQ: Rank the 'four Ds' in a logical order starting from the initial internal/external presentation of an issue, its personal toll, its impact on daily life, to its most extreme potential consequence: I. Dysfunction (interfering with daily activities). II. Deviance (unusual behaviour). III. Danger (threat to self/others). IV. Distress (unpleasant and upsetting).

A II, IV, I, III

B I, II, III, IV

C IV, II, I, III

D II, I, IV, III

💡 Short Explanation

Deviance is the first sign (behavior is different). Distress follows as the internal emotional toll. Dysfunction occurs when the behavior stops daily life progress. Danger is the final, most extreme risk level.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The logical progression of a psychological condition starts with Deviance (II), where the behavior is first noted as "different" or "unusual." → This often leads to Distress (IV), the subjective feeling of being upset. → When the condition worsens, it results in Dysfunction (I), where the individual can no longer maintain routines like work or school. → The most extreme and critical stage is Danger (III), where the condition poses a physical threat.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option B → Incorrectly starts with Dysfunction; behavior usually becomes unusual (Deviance) before it completely breaks down daily life.
Option C → Incorrectly starts with Distress; deviance is often the outward "initial presentation" mentioned in the prompt.
Option D → Places Danger before the emotional and functional toll, which does not follow the requested "clinical progression" to "extreme consequence."

🎯 Strategy

Application: The prompt asks for a sequence from "initial presentation" to "extreme consequence." Danger (III) is clearly the most extreme, so it must be last.

Final Logic: Sequence must end with III and start with the most basic observation (II).

🧠 Memory Trick

D.D.D.D. (The Order): Different (Deviance) → Disturbed (Distress) → Disrupted (Dysfunction) → Deadly (Danger).

3 Category: Four Ds Criteria 3. Statement-based correct option: Why is deviance alone insufficient to diagnose a psychological disorder?

A Because deviant behaviour is always caused by supernatural forces.

B Because deviance simply implies a difference from societal norms, which may value certain extreme but positive behaviours (e.g., high competition).

C Because deviance only applies to physical illnesses.

D Because deviant behaviour never causes distress.

💡 Short Explanation

Deviance only means "different from the norm." Some "different" behaviors are positive (e.g., genius, extreme Olympic training). Abnormality requires more than just being "unusual."

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Deviance is relative to culture. If a society values competition, an extremely competitive person is "deviant" from the average person's chill attitude, but this is seen as a positive trait, not a disorder. For a diagnosis, the behavior must usually be accompanied by distress or dysfunction. Being "unusual" (deviant) is not enough because high intelligence or extreme athletic skill are also "deviant" but are not disorders.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Incorrect; psychology relies on biological and psychological causes, not supernatural forces.
Option C → Incorrect; deviance is a core concept in mental health, not just physical health.
Option D → Incorrect; deviant behavior can cause distress, but the question asks why deviance alone isn't enough.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Abnormality is often seen as a negative, but the prompt highlights that "difference" can be positive. Option B provides this necessary nuance.

Final Logic: Positive deviance exists; therefore, deviance alone is a weak diagnostic tool.

🧠 Memory Trick

Deviance = Different. Genius is different, but not "disordered."

4 Category: Four Ds Criteria 4. Situation-based application: A person engages in a highly unusual, bizarre ritual (deviance) that prevents them from working (dysfunction), but they feel absolutely no subjective unhappiness or upset regarding their behaviour. Which of the 'four Ds' is explicitly missing here?

A Danger

B Distress

C Dysfunction

D Deviance

💡 Short Explanation

Ritual is bizarre (Deviance present). Person cannot work (Dysfunction present). Person feels "no subjective unhappiness" (Distress missing).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The scenario explicitly mentions the presence of deviance (bizarre ritual) and dysfunction (cannot work). However, it notes the individual feels "no subjective unhappiness or upset." In clinical psychology, Distress refers to this specific internal feeling of unpleasantness or being upset. If the person is "happy" or indifferent to their ritual, the Distress criterion is not met.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → While danger isn't mentioned, the prompt specifically points to the lack of "unhappiness," which is the definition of distress.
Option C → Incorrect; the inability to work is the definition of dysfunction, which is present.
Option D → Incorrect; the "bizarre ritual" is the definition of deviance, which is present.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Match the symptoms in the text to the Ds. Ritual = Deviance. Stops work = Dysfunction. "No unhappiness" = Missing Distress.

Final Logic: Directly link "no unhappiness" to "Distress."

🧠 Memory Trick

Distress = Discomfort/Unhappiness. No unhappiness = No Distress.

5 Category: Four Ds Continued 5. Concept validation (multiple statements): Concerning 'dysfunction', which statements accurately reflect its conceptual depth? I. It strictly means the biological inability of neurons to transmit messages. II. It is characterised by the behaviour interfering with the person's ability to carry out daily activities constructively. III. It is a key element separating eccentric but functional behaviour from abnormal behaviour.

A I and II

B II and III

C I and III

D All of the above

💡 Short Explanation

Dysfunction is about daily life interference. It distinguishes "weird but working" (eccentric) from "abnormal." It is a behavioral/social concept, not just a biological one.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement II is the standard definition: dysfunction disrupts life (work, social, self-care). → Statement III is conceptually vital; many people are "eccentric" (unusual/deviant), but they are not considered "abnormal" because they still function perfectly well in society. Dysfunction is the "tipping point" for diagnosis. → Statement I is false because dysfunction in the 'Four Ds' context refers to behavioral outcomes, not just biological neuron firing.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Includes Statement I, which is a reductionist biological view not used to define behavioral dysfunction in this context.
Option C → Includes Statement I.
Option D → Incorrect as Statement I is too narrow and biologically specific.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Statements II and III are about "life" and "functioning." Statement I is about "neurons." In a chapter about psychological definitions, the broader behavioral view (II and III) is the focus.

Final Logic: Dysfunction = Life Disruption, not just Bio-failure.

🧠 Memory Trick

Dysfunction = Daily Disruption. (Eccentrics stay functional).

6 Category: Four Ds Continued 6. Incorrect statement identification: Identify the incorrect analytical statement about the 'danger' criterion.

A It can manifest as a threat directed outwardly towards others.

B It can manifest as a threat directed inwardly towards the individual.

C Every psychological disorder universally presents an immediate physical danger.

D Danger is considered alongside deviance, distress, and dysfunction to evaluate abnormality.

💡 Short Explanation

Danger can be toward self or others. Most people with psychological disorders are not dangerous. It is a criterion, but not a universal trait.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Option C is a common myth. While Danger is one of the four criteria, the vast majority of individuals suffering from psychological disorders are not a threat to themselves or others. They are more likely to be victims of harm than perpetrators. Claiming it is "universal" and "immediate" for every disorder is factually incorrect.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Correct; danger includes hostility toward others.
Option B → Correct; danger includes suicidal tendencies or self-harm.
Option D → Correct; danger is indeed one part of the four-part diagnostic framework.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Words like "Every" and "Universally" (C) are almost always indicators of false statements in psychological theory.

Final Logic: Danger is the exception in disorders, not the universal rule.

🧠 Memory Trick

Danger is Rare, not Regular.

7 Question (Pattern 4: Match the Following)

List I	List II
1. Changing environmental requirements	A. Vulnerability and problems in life
2. Exceptional stress in the environment	B. Failure in living/adaptation
3. Inability to modify behaviour	C. Requires adaptive behavioural response
4. Lack of coping resources	D. Increased dependence and maladjustment

A 1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D

B 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D

C 1-C, 2-B, 3-A, 4-D

D 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

💡 Short Explanation

Changing environments (1) trigger a need for a response (C). Failing to modify behavior (3) leads directly to failure in living (B). Stress (2) coupled with high vulnerability leads to life problems (A). No coping resources (4) leads to dependence (D).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

1-C: When the environment changes, it necessitates an adaptive response. → 3-B: If a person cannot modify behavior, they experience failures in living (the definition of maladaptation). → 2-A: Exceptional stress acts as the catalyst for vulnerability to manifest as actual life problems. → 4-D: A lack of coping resources leads to a state of maladjustment and dependence on others.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Incorrectly matches Stress (2) with Vulnerability (A) and Inability (3) with Failure (B)—while close, the logic for 4-D is weaker here than in C.
Option B → Starts with 1-B, but environmental change is a trigger, not the failure itself.
Option D → Matches 3-D and 4-A, which flips the relationship between resources and vulnerability.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Match the "Level" of the problem. Change (1) is a neutral requirement (C). Inability (3) is a definitive failure (B).

Final Logic: Match 1-C and 3-B as the anchor points.

🧠 Memory Trick

Trigger (1-C) → Trauma (2-A) → Tragedy (3-B).

8 Category: Nature of Disorders 8. Fill in the blank (concept-based): Unhappiness, discomfort, and unrealised potential are considered failures in living, which are primarily due to failures in ________ to life challenges.

A Biological genetics

B Adaptation

C Social stigmatisation

D Humoural balance

💡 Short Explanation

Unhappiness/Discomfort are "failures in living." These occur when we cannot adjust to life. The process of adjustment is called "Adaptation."

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the passage and NCERT text, unhappiness and unrealized potential are results of maladaptation. Maladaptation is defined as the failure to adapt (modify behavior) to life's changing requirements. Therefore, failures in living are primarily due to failures in the process of adaptation.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → Genetics may be a cause, but the failure described is a failure of the adaptation process.
Option C → Stigma is a reaction to a disorder, not the reason for the initial "failure in living."
Option D → Humoural balance is an obsolete ancient theory.

🎯 Strategy

Application: The text defines maladaptation as the failure to modify behavior. "Modify behavior" is the definition of Adaptation.

Final Logic: "Failures in living" is the NCERT-specific definition of failed Adaptation.

🧠 Memory Trick

Passage-based MCQ (Compulsory NCERT Passage) "The first approach views abnormal behaviour as a deviation from social norms... A society’s norms grow from its particular culture — its history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology, and arts. Thus, a society whose culture values competition and assertiveness may accept aggressive behaviour... The second approach views abnormal behaviour as maladaptive. Many psychologists believe that the best criterion for determining the normality of behaviour is not whether society accepts it but whether it fosters the well-being of the individual and eventually of the group..."

9 9. Passage-based MCQ: What is the fundamental flaw or critical assumption of the social norm approach mentioned in the text?

A It assumes that promoting individual growth is the only valid metric.

B It relies on the assumption that socially accepted behaviour is inherently not abnormal.

C It denies that a society's values change over time.

D It completely ignores the historical context of a culture.

💡 Short Explanation

Social norm approach uses "Acceptance" as "Normal." If society likes a behavior, it's "Normal" by this rule. This is a flaw because a society could accept something harmful (like extreme aggression).

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The passage states that the social norm approach views abnormality as a deviation from expectations. The "flaw" or primary assumption is that as long as society accepts a behavior (e.g., aggressive competition), it is viewed as "normal." This ignores the possibility that a socially "normal" behavior could be psychologically harmful or maladaptive for the individual.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This is the assumption of the Maladaptive approach, not the Social Norm approach.
Option C → The text acknowledges norms change; the approach doesn't deny it, it just follows whatever the current norm is.
Option D → The approach actually relies on historical and cultural context.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Option B captures the "norm-centric" nature of the approach. If Society = Standard, then Accepted = Normal.

Final Logic: The approach's strength (cultural relevance) is also its flaw (blindness to individual harm).

🧠 Memory Trick

10 10. Passage-based MCQ: How does the maladaptive approach critically contrast with the social norm approach regarding conforming behaviour?

A It believes conforming behaviour is always the ideal model.

B It states that conforming behaviour can actually be seen as abnormal if it interferes with optimal functioning and growth.

C It insists that group well-being is entirely irrelevant.

D It argues that all conforming behaviour fosters well-being automatically.

💡 Short Explanation

Social Norm approach says: Conformity = Normal. Maladaptive approach says: Well-being = Normal. Therefore, you can be a "conformist" but still be "abnormal" if you are unhappy or stuck.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

This is the most critical distinction. In the Social Norm Approach, if you follow the rules, you are "normal." However, the Maladaptive Approach argues that even if you follow all societal rules (conformity), you could still be "abnormal" if that behavior prevents your personal growth, well-being, or optimal functioning. For example, staying in a toxic job because "it's what people do" is conforming but maladaptive.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A → This describes the goal of the Social Norm approach, not the contrast provided by the Maladaptive approach.
Option C → The passage explicitly says the maladaptive approach considers the well-being of the "individual and eventually of the group."
Option D → This is the opposite of the maladaptive approach's argument.

🎯 Strategy

Application: Look for the option that prioritizes "functioning/growth" over "rules." Option B is the only one that challenges the "Conformity = Normal" rule.

Final Logic: Maladaptive focus = Growth > Rules.

🧠 Memory Trick

Conformity $\neq$ Comfort.

11 Situation-based application: A student remains silent in class even when they have pressing questions, conforming perfectly to a strict, silent classroom environment. From a pure social norm perspective, this is "normal," but from a maladaptive perspective, it is abnormal because:

A It breaks societal rules.

B It interferes with the student's optimal functioning and growth.

C It poses a physical danger to the class.

D It involves biological neurotransmitter imbalances.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Social conformity alone does not ensure healthy functioning. �� Silence prevents learning and development. �� Maladaptive behaviour harms personal growth.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The maladaptive perspective judges behaviour based on whether it supports healthy functioning, adjustment, and growth. Although the student conforms to classroom rules, remaining silent despite having important questions prevents proper learning and self-development. Therefore, the behaviour interferes with optimal functioning and growth. Option A is incorrect because the student is not breaking social rules. Option C is incorrect because no danger is involved. Option D is incorrect because no biological explanation is mentioned. Thus, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Incorrect because the student is actually conforming to classroom expectations.
�� Option C → Incorrect because the situation does not involve physical threat.
�� Option D → Incorrect because neurotransmitter imbalance is unrelated to the scenario.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

The maladaptive perspective focuses on growth and functioning rather than social conformity.

Final Logic:

Behaviour that blocks learning and development is maladaptive.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Silent but Suffering = Maladaptive”

12 Arrange order type MCQ: Logically arrange the sequence of how cultural norms dictate abnormality over time:
I. Society's values change over time.
II. Society establishes norms based on history, values, and technology.
III. Views of what is psychologically abnormal shift accordingly.
IV. Behaviours breaking these specific contemporary norms are labelled abnormal.

A II, IV, I, III

B I, II, III, IV

C II, I, IV, III

D IV, I, II, III

💡 Short Explanation

�� Society first creates norms. �� Deviating behaviour becomes abnormal. �� Social values later change. �� Definitions of abnormality shift accordingly.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Society initially establishes norms using cultural values, historical context, and technological development (II). Behaviours violating these norms are labelled abnormal (IV). Over time, society’s values and standards change (I). As norms change, definitions of psychological abnormality also shift (III). Thus, the correct sequence is: Norm formation → abnormal labeling → social change → shifting abnormality views. Therefore, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Incorrect because norms must exist before they can change.
�� Option C → Incorrect because abnormal labeling occurs before society changes its values.
�� Option D → Incorrect because behaviour cannot violate norms before norms are established.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Social norms logically precede abnormal labeling and later cultural change.

Final Logic:

Society creates norms first, then abnormality definitions evolve over time.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Norms → Labels → Change → New Labels”

13 Sequence (process-based): Determine the conceptual trajectory of achieving true well-being under the maladaptive criterion:
I. Reaching actualisation of potential.
II. Securing basic maintenance and survival.
III. Fostering the growth of the individual.

A II, III, I

B I, II, III

C III, II, I

D II, I, III

💡 Short Explanation

�� Survival needs come first. �� Growth develops afterward. �� Actualisation is the highest stage.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

According to the maladaptive perspective and Maslow’s hierarchy, healthy functioning progresses in stages. The individual must first secure maintenance and survival needs (II), such as safety and basic functioning. Once stable, personal growth and development can occur (III). Finally, the highest stage is actualisation of potential (I), where the person achieves full personal fulfillment. Thus, the correct sequence is: Survival → Growth → Actualisation. Therefore, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Incorrect because actualisation cannot occur before survival needs are met.
�� Option C → Incorrect because growth depends on basic maintenance first.
�� Option D → Incorrect because actualisation follows growth, not precedes it.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Maslow’s hierarchy progresses from basic survival toward self-actualisation.

Final Logic:

Basic needs support growth, which finally leads to actualisation.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Survive → Grow → Actualise”

14 Incorrect statement identification: Which statement inaccurately represents the concept of growth and fulfilment?

A It is solely defined by mere maintenance and survival.

B It is linked to Maslow’s need hierarchy theory.

C It involves the actualisation of an individual's potential.

D Behaviour that disrupts this process is considered maladaptive.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Growth involves more than survival. �� Self-actualisation is central. �� Maladaptive behaviour blocks fulfillment.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Growth and fulfilment refer to achieving personal development, psychological well-being, and actualisation of potential. Option A is incorrect because growth is not limited to basic maintenance and survival. Survival is only the foundation for higher development. Option B is correct because the idea is connected with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Option C is correct because fulfilment involves actualisation of personal potential. Option D is correct because behaviour that blocks growth and healthy functioning is considered maladaptive. Therefore, Option A inaccurately represents the concept.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Correctly connects fulfilment with Maslow’s theory.
�� Option C → Correctly identifies self-actualisation as a core feature.
�� Option D → Correctly explains maladaptive interference with growth.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

The word “solely” makes Option A overly restrictive and conceptually incorrect.

Final Logic:

Growth extends beyond survival toward self-actualisation.

🧠 Memory Trick

“More Than Survival”

15 Concept validation (multiple statements): Analyse the impact of social stigma on the treatment of psychological disorders:
I. Stigma causes people to be hesitant to consult doctors out of shame.
II. Stigma promotes early identification and rapid community support.
III. Stigma stems from vague ideas based on superstition and ignorance.

A I and II

B II and III

C I and III

D All of the above

💡 Short Explanation

�� Stigma creates shame and hesitation. �� Superstition and ignorance strengthen stigma. �� Stigma does not improve support systems.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Statement I is correct because social stigma often makes individuals afraid or ashamed to seek professional help. Statement II is incorrect because stigma usually delays treatment and reduces community support rather than improving it. Statement III is correct because stigma commonly develops from vague beliefs, superstition, ignorance, and fear regarding psychological disorders. Therefore, Statements I and III are correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Incorrect because Statement II is false.
�� Option B → Incorrect because Statement II does not accurately describe stigma.
�� Option D → Incorrect because all statements are not correct.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Removing the socially positive effect in Statement II helps identify the correct combination.

Final Logic:

Stigma causes shame and ignorance, not better support.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Stigma = Shame + Superstition”

16 Match the following: Match the socio-cultural reaction to its underlying cause.

List I	List II
1. Hesitant to seek psychological help	a. Ignorance, superstition, and fear
2. Vague ideas about disorders	b. The scientific/adaptive perspective
3. Viewing mental disorder as an illness	c. Stigma and shame attached to the condition

A 1-c, 2-a, 3-b

B 1-a, 2-c, 3-b

C 1-b, 2-a, 3-c

D 1-c, 2-b, 3-a

💡 Short Explanation

�� Shame causes treatment hesitation. �� Ignorance creates vague beliefs. �� Scientific thinking treats disorders as illnesses.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

People become hesitant to seek psychological help because of stigma and shame attached to mental illness. Therefore, 1 → c. Vague ideas about disorders often arise from ignorance, fear, and superstition. Therefore, 2 → a. Viewing mental disorders scientifically as illnesses reflects the scientific/adaptive perspective. Therefore, 3 → b. Thus, Option A correctly matches all concepts.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Incorrect because hesitation is caused more directly by stigma than ignorance alone.
�� Option C → Incorrect because scientific perspective does not cause hesitation.
�� Option D → Incorrect because scientific thinking opposes superstition.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Matching emotional, social, and scientific causes with their effects simplifies elimination.

Final Logic:

Stigma, ignorance, and science align correctly only in Option A.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Shame–Ignorance–Science”

17 Sequence (process-based): The study of abnormal psychology progresses through several analytical phases when dealing with a patient. Sequence them:
I. Assessing the consequences of the failure in adaptation.
II. Tracing the biological, psychological, or socio-cultural causes.
III. Focusing on and identifying the specific maladaptive behaviour.
IV. Administering targeted treatment.

A III, II, I, IV

B III, I, II, IV

C I, II, III, IV

D II, III, I, IV

💡 Short Explanation

�� Behaviour is identified first. �� Consequences are then assessed. �� Causes are traced afterward. �� Treatment is given finally.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The study of abnormal psychology begins by identifying maladaptive behaviour (III). Next, psychologists assess the consequences and adaptation failures caused by the behaviour (I). Then, they trace underlying biological, psychological, or socio-cultural causes (II). Finally, targeted treatment is administered (IV). Thus, the correct sequence is: Identification → consequence analysis → cause tracing → treatment. Therefore, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Incorrect because consequences are usually assessed before detailed causal tracing.
�� Option C → Incorrect because assessment cannot begin before identifying maladaptive behaviour.
�� Option D → Incorrect because causes are investigated after recognizing the maladaptive behaviour and its effects.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Clinical analysis logically progresses from identification to assessment to explanation to treatment.

Final Logic:

Detect → Assess → Explain → Treat.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Identify → Assess → Explain → Treat”

18 Statement-based correct option: Why is abnormal psychology specifically focused on maladaptive behaviour rather than just 'deviant' behaviour?

A Because deviance only happens in Western cultures.

B Because maladaptive behaviour accurately encompasses failures in living and responding to environmental needs, which require treatment.

C Because maladaptation only refers to biological defects like faulty genes.

D Because maladaptive behaviour is always socially acceptable.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Maladaptation affects functioning and adjustment. �� Treatment focuses on failures in living. �� Deviance alone may not require intervention.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Abnormal psychology focuses on maladaptive behaviour because it reflects difficulties in functioning, adjustment, and responding effectively to environmental demands. A person may behave differently from society without suffering impairment, but maladaptive behaviour causes significant life problems requiring treatment and support. Option A is incorrect because deviance exists across cultures. Option C is incorrect because maladaptation is broader than biological defects. Option D is incorrect because maladaptive behaviour may or may not be socially accepted. Thus, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Incorrect because deviance is culturally universal.
�� Option C → Incorrect because maladaptation includes psychological and social failures too.
�� Option D → Incorrect because social acceptance is not the defining criterion.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

Only Option B directly explains functional impairment and treatment relevance.

Final Logic:

Maladaptive behaviour matters because it disrupts effective living and adaptation.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Maladaptive = Failure to Function”

19 Fill in the blank (concept-based): ________ refers to the person’s ability to successfully modify their behaviour in response to changing environmental requirements.

A Social deviance

B Adaptation

C Actualisation

D Stigmatisation

💡 Short Explanation

�� Adaptation means behavioural adjustment. �� Environmental demands require flexibility. �� Successful coping reflects adaptation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

Adaptation refers to the ability of an individual to modify behaviour effectively according to changing environmental situations and demands. Option A is incorrect because deviance refers to norm violation. Option C is incorrect because actualisation refers to achieving full potential. Option D is incorrect because stigmatisation refers to social labeling and discrimination. Therefore, Option B is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option A → Incorrect because deviance concerns social norms, not adjustment ability.
�� Option C → Incorrect because actualisation is a higher developmental goal.
�� Option D → Incorrect because stigma involves social prejudice.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

The phrase “modify behaviour according to environmental requirements” directly defines adaptation.

Final Logic:

Behavioural adjustment to environment equals adaptation.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Adapt = Adjust”

20 Situation-based application: A professional faces a sudden, drastic change in their workplace technology (environmental requirement). They refuse to learn the new system, become highly anxious, and eventually lose their job. Analytically, this represents a failure in:

A Behaviour modification leading to maladaptation.

B Enforcing social stigma.

C Maintaining historical cultural norms.

D Exorcising supernatural forces.

💡 Short Explanation

�� Environmental change required adjustment. �� Refusal to adapt caused anxiety and failure. �� This reflects maladaptation.

✅ Correct Answer Explanation

The individual fails to modify behaviour according to changing workplace demands. Their refusal to learn the new system results in anxiety and job loss. This represents behavioural maladaptation — failure to adapt effectively to environmental requirements. Option B is incorrect because stigma is unrelated. Option C is incorrect because cultural norms are not the issue. Option D is incorrect because supernatural explanations are irrelevant. Thus, Option A is correct.

❓ Why Other Options Are Incorrect

�� Option B → Incorrect because no social discrimination or stigma is described.
�� Option C → Incorrect because workplace adaptation is unrelated to cultural tradition.
�� Option D → Incorrect because no supernatural belief is involved.

🎯 Strategy

Application:

The situation clearly highlights inability to adjust behaviour to environmental change.

Final Logic:

Failure to adapt behaviourally results in maladaptation.

🧠 Memory Trick

“Cannot Adjust = Maladapt”

CUET UG Booster Psychology Psychological Disorders Unit 5 Test ( D 1 )

Test Complete!

Answer Review